Essay on Araby, by James Joyce - 846 Words

In his short story â€Å"Araby,† James Joyce describes a young boy’s first stirring of love and his first encounter with the disappointment that love and life in general can cause. Throughout the story Joyce prepares the reader for the boy’s disillusionment at the story’s end. The fifth paragraph, for example, employs strong contrasts in language to foreshadow this disillusionment. In this passage the juxtaposition of romantic and realistic diction, detail, and imagery foreshadows the story’s theme that, in the final analysis, life ends in disappointment and disillusionment. The romantic language, details, and imagery of the passage create a rapturous and sensual tone. Drawing from the religious, chivalric, and†¦show more content†¦The allusion brings with it all the associations of chivalric honor connected with tradition of courtly love. Romantic excess pervades his vision of his love. He finds his â€Å"eyes . . . full of tears† and experiences â€Å"a flood from his heart.† Although he cannot explain these sensations, he interprets them as physical signs of his deep-felt love. The realistic and naturalistic diction, detail, and imagery, on the other hand, create a pessimistic tone that contrasts harshly with the naà ¯ve, romantic tone. Drawing from the ordinary, commonplace, and worldly spheres of daily life, Joyce blends words and details, the connotations of which accentuate the world’s imperfect and sordid reality. Secular and naturalistic diction, detail, and imagery of the marketplace contrast the spiritual, romanticized language of the knight-errant’s quest. His â€Å"prayers and praises† compete with â€Å"the curses of labourers,† a negative, destructive prayer. Moreover, â€Å"the shrill litanies of the shop boys† and â€Å"the nasal chanting of the street-singers† pervert the religious connotations of the litany and chanting into ordinary and ugly elements of commerce. The shop boys â€Å"st[and] on guard,† not by their ladies fair, butShow MoreRelatedAraby and James Joyce1207 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story â€Å"Araby† is clearly identifiable as the work of James Joyce. His vocalized ambition of acquainting fellow Irish natives with the true temperament of his homeland is apparent throughout the story. Joyce’s painstakingly precise writing style can be observed throughout â€Å"Araby† as well. Roman Catholicism, which played a heavy role in Joyce’s life, also does so in the story which is another aspect which makes Joyce’s authorship of the story unmistakable. As a result of Irish heritage displayedRead MoreAraby, By James Joyce1013 Words   |  5 Pages James Joyce’s short fiction, â€Å"Araby†, speaks of the loss of innocence when one enters adulthood. The narrator of â€Å"Araby† reflects back to his childhood and the defining moment when he reached clarity on the world he stood before. The young boy, living in a world lifeless and religious influence, becomes consumed with the lust of a neighbouring girl. The girl, Mangan, is symbolically the narrator’s childhood obsession with growing up. As she resembles the desire to become an adult, the Araby is theRead MoreAraby, By James Joyce917 Words   |  4 PagesAraby is a short story by James Joyce about a young boy who is infatuated a young woman who is the older sister of one of his friends. He w atches her from afar and believes that his feelings are true love. He lacks the confidence to speak to her or confide in anyone else. The narrator speaks of her as if she were the most beautiful and wondrous human on earth, however, he does not realize that he is in love with the thought of her and not necessarily her. The narrator lives in Ireland as James JoyceRead More`` Araby `` By James Joyce1315 Words   |  6 PagesThe short story â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce is a young boy who has such an infatuation for his friend Mangan sister, he begins to idolize her as if she was a saint. This is when the idea of love and desire come into play. He simply can’t stop thinking about her and sees her in a godly like way. As the story begins to unfold the realization that the young boy doesn t quite understand the concept of the illusion and the reality of what Mangan’s sister really means to him. The young boy realizes that hisRead MoreAraby, By James Joyce956 Words   |  4 PagesIn the short story â€Å"Araby,† James Joyce uses religion to give a the story deeper meaning. The narrator of the story finds himself in a confusing love that is unrealistic and distorted. In â€Å"Araby,† Joyce uses an underlying theme of religion to portray a confusing admiration that is bro ught to a twisted end. Throughout â€Å"Araby† there is an underlying theme of religion. The boy himself lives with his uncle who is feared by the other kids on the street. If he is seen the kids â€Å"hid in the shadows† untilRead More`` Araby `` By James Joyce1885 Words   |  8 PagesJohn Updike and â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce both introduce two young protagonist who both share in blinded adoration for young women. Both young men attempts to woo the young woman by proving their nobility. Both efforts go completely unnoticed by both girls and both young men are left alone dealing the aftermath of their failed nobility, which changes the way they view themselves. James Joyce’s â€Å"Araby† is a medieval romance set in Dublin, Ireland. As we are introduced to the story, Joyce describes theRead MoreAraby, By James Joyce869 Words   |  4 Pages Araby In the short novel, Araby by James joyce which was one of the most influential writers in the modernist era of the early 20th century. In Araby, Joyce highlights a young boy who describes the North Dublin Street where he lives in a house with his aunt and uncle. The narrator recalls when he and his friends used to run through the dark muddy lanes of the house to avoid his uncle or when Mangan’s sister came out on the doorstep to call her brother in to his tea. He is obsessed with the youngRead More`` Araby `` By James Joyce843 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Araby†, James Joyce uses the young unnamed boy as her main character. Representing himself in this first person view, the main character takes us on a journey that suggests the verge of adolescence. The events that take place in this story create a very clear image for us, reflecting the difficulties a young boy may undergo during the last years of his juvenile life. The awakening is sometimes unknowingly refreshing. He would watch the girl he most desires at times throughout the day as if mesmerizedRead More`` Araby `` By James Joyce1451 Words   |  6 PagesJames Joyce, an Irish novelist, wrote fifteen short stories that depict Irish middle class life in Dublin, Ireland during the early years of the twentieth century. He entitled the compilation of these short stories Dubliners. The protagonist in each of these stories, shares a desire for change. This common interest motivates the protagonist and helps them to move forward in their lives. Additionally, the protagonist has an epiphany, or moment of realization or transformation. In â€Å"Araby†, the narratorRead MoreAraby, By James Joyce Essay1888 Words   |  8 PagesJames Joyce’s, Araby, is an emotional short story that centers around a nameless boy living in Dublin, with his aunt and uncle, who has a consuming crush on his friend’s sister. His love for her leads him to the Araby bazaar, and there he comes to a realizat ion about his immature actions. This event is the basis for the entire story, but the ideas Joyce promotes with this story revolve around the boy’s reactions to his feelings about his crush. Joyce spends much of the story describing the boy’s

Addiction Addiction And The Properties Of Consumerism

Addiction is referred to as a weakness, in which we have high dependence upon something that we buy over and over again; this implies slight obsession and an element of lack of control. An example of where consumers become obsessive is when they queue for hours on end just to get their hands on the latest iPhone, however this can be seen as irrational behavior and when consumers are in this mental state they are seen to be putty in the marketers hand as we will do anything they say just to get the latest products. According to (Orford 1985; Peele 1985) addiction also involves devotion, dependence, surrendering control, habit, obsessiveness, and preoccupation with the object to the detriment of well being. An addiction can be anything from gambling to shopping. There are a numerous similarities among the elements of addiction and the properties of consumerism notably they are people such as compulsive buyers and some collectors who could also be known as hoarders. It has been known of compulsive buyers to discuss their compulsion as if to say they are on drugs, for example they would say â€Å" I got a high when purchasing this dress† or â€Å"it gave me a rush when I bought these new trainers to add to my collection† this was proposed by O’Guinn et al, (1989). These types of compulsive consumers are portrayed of having the same self-devotional behavior as drug addicts and they likewise share the deep ecstatic emotional involvement and form â€Å"consumption communities† (Boorstin 1968).Show MoreRelatedTrainspotting: Drug Addiction and Drug Subculture Essay1535 Words   |  7 PagesTrainspotting Over the years, heroin and addiction have provided the subject matter for more than a few noteworthy films. The cult film Trainspotting, based on Irvine Welshs book of the same title, offers an attractive case study as it represents a wide view of British youth culture by considering a large number of issues such as the critiques of consumerism, Thatcherism, class stratification and gender identities. The film portrays the lifestyle of a group of young drug addicts which placesRead MoreMr. Robot : The Gritty And Alienating City Of New York2257 Words   |  10 Pagesconsumed by wanton consumerism, and the negative impacts of hyper-capitalism are far reaching in scope and seriousness. The social impact Mr. Robot has had on its audience is unique, by introducing theories of hype culture and cryptic advertising, making Mr. Robot a standout example of the wave of prestige television that American audiences can now enjoy. The show has a very real (and frightening) factual foundation. Hac king groups, surveillance, corruption, rampant consumerism, and terrorism areRead MoreEssay on Can Money Buy Happiness?1721 Words   |  7 PagesAmanda  Buchner   Mrs.  Mellor  Ã‚   AP  English   January  24,  2015   Does  Money  Really  Bring  Happiness?      John  Locke  once  stated  that  all  men  have  the  right  to  life,  liberty,  and  property.  The   author  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  Benjamin  Franklin,  changed  this  statement  to  the   right  to  life,  liberty,  and  the  pursuit  of  happiness.  People  have  the  constitutional  right  to  be   joyful  and  therefore  strive  for  it,  but  what  is  it  that  really  brings  people  glee?  Many  people   believe  that  the  answer  to  this  question  is  simply  moneyRead MoreEnvironment: Energy Development and Environmental Problems11602 Words   |  47 Pagesenvironmental problems. Pacuare Eco Lodge, located near Turrialba, in the heart of Costa Rica s rainforest claims that they have attempted to stick to the highest standards of sustainable construction. No trees were cut during the building of the property and the local Indian community was involved during the construction. The staff has also been drawn from the local community. Electricity is not used and all fuel requirements are fulfilled using solar panels and a water-run generator. | Some countriesRead MoreBrazil Beer Industry Essay5604 Words   |  23 Pages |99 |127 |178 |181 |179 | |permits | | | | | | |Registering a property |48 |114 |45 |97 |40 | |Getting Credit |48 |98 |98 |40 |67 | |ProtectingRead MoreCoco Cola18335 Words   |  74 Pagesin  monopolistic  business practices, * questionable labour practices (including allegations of involvement with paramilitary organisations in suppression of  trade unions), * questionable  marketing  strategies, and * accusation of violations of  intellectual property  rights. Perception of the company as behaving unethically has led to the formation of  pressure groups  such as Killer Coke, product boycotts, and lawsuits. Contents  Ã‚  [hide]   * 1  Health effects * 1.1  Acidity and tooth decay * 1.2  HighRead MoreStudy Guide9234 Words   |  37 Pagesexplain the effects of social class and gender on inteligence based on standard test scores an independent variable is a measured factor that the researcher believes has a causal impact on the dependent variable. - This test get similar results but in addiction measures the ability to read quickly. 5. Participant observation research is often long, painstaking, and personally demanding for the sociologist. Why bother with this data collection method? Use the example of Lynne Haney’s research to supportRead MoreIndian Social Structure and Values Ethics in Business13564 Words   |  55 Pagesnormally located in the same village, they set up their houses almost next to each other. Lineage members help each other but conflict also characterizes kinship relations among them. From one generation to the next, transmission of status and property takes place according to certain rules . A lineage is an exogamous unit i.e. a boy and a girl of the same lineage cannot marry. A large exogamous category is called the Clan. Among the Hindus, this category is known as gotra. Each person belongsRead MoreThe Effects of Advertising on Children33281 Words   |  134 Pagesproblem; easily reverse processes or orders of tasks to understand their relationships (such as in addition and subtraction of numbers); order objects or steps in serial fashion; recognise that physical objects can conserve their properties even though they may change other properties (such as the shape of a fixed amount of clay not changing the overall mass of the clay); classify objects according to one characteristic; and take the perspectives of others and imagine different physical points of view.

Traditional Health Care System May Also Integrate Harmful

Traditional health care system may also integrate harmful traditional practices or at least trust in the importance of such practices. Therefore educating the traditional practitioners in specific and the community in general is significant (Addis et al., 2002). Even though traditional health schemes are locally manageable and culturally pertinent, they must first be condensed safe. Most importantly, poor certification, lack of standardization, and the nonappearance of regulatory mechanisms for traditional heath care practice in many countries were seen as difficulties to be resolved (Bodeker et al., 2000). 1.3 TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND DRUG DISCOVERY FROM PLANTS For centuries individuals have used plants for curing. Fossil records date†¦show more content†¦Because of its popularity, convenience and affordability, more than 80% of the people in the area continued to trust on it for their health care desires (WHO, 2003). Introduction of modern medicine unaccompanied does not sufficiently provide for the inclusive or fundamental health care requirements of developing countries. Subsequently in many societies the practice of instantaneous use of traditional and western medicine continues. Indeed it is always been problematic to reach deprived people with development support, particularly in health care where most possessions benefit the middle classes in urban hospitals. Thus traditional medicine is frequently the only reasonable and available form of health care (Patwardhanm, 2005). Many modern drugs have their origin in ethnopharmacology (Cox and Balick, 1994). A survey of pharmacopoeias of established and emerging countries was done to determine whether ethnobotanical evidence did indeed lead to valuable drug discovery. The review showed that from 122 compounds recognized in the study, 80% of the compounds were castoff for the same (or related) ethnobotanical determinations. Information grounded on long-term use of plants by humans (ethnomedicine) likely helps to isolate harmless active compounds from plants than isolating vigorous compounds from plants with no history of human use (Fabricant and Farnsworth, 2001). Thus in its place of relyingShow MoreRelatedMental Health Care Services For Rural Communities Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesother mental health care services, are often lacking in rural communities. According to the American Psychological Association (APA), rural areas suffer from chronic shortages of mental health care professionals. Providers who do practice in rural communities are less likely to be available to the public since they are overwhelmed with the amount of clients they serve. There is often a shortage of health care services and residents in rural communities often have t o travel to receive care, which makesRead MoreGlobalization : The World And Created Unity Out Of Great Diversity Essay1542 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasingly knitted 　　together the world and created unity out of great diversity. Coca Cola, Disney and McDonald’s symbolize the process, along with Sony, Shell Oil and IBM. They are products known and consumed from Ulan Bator to Little Rock - and also powerful companies that drive globalization forward, creating new laws, new business practices, new ways to eat and drink, new hopes and dreams. Optimists look forward to a global village, linked together by the Internet, and benefiting from ever-increasingRead MoreHealth : Using Internet Of Things Essay1775 Words   |  8 PagesHEALTH CARESYSTEM USING INTERNET OF THINGS Mr. M.Arun Assistant Professor Dept. of ECE Panimalar Institute of Technology,Chennai arunaeceg@gmail.com Mr.Yuvaraj Vickram Assistant Professor Dept. of ECE Panimalar Institute of Technology, Chennai J.Josephine Lily UG Scholar Dept. of ECE Panimalar Institute of Technology,Chennai josephinelily11@gmail.com A.Gracia Esther UG Scholar Dept. of ECE Panimalar Institute of Technology,Chennai ABSTRACT The IoT(Internet of Things) describes a worldwideRead MoreCyber Laws in India and their Implications1817 Words   |  7 Pagesas criminals and, potentially, terrorists as well as States themselves. Many malicious tools and methodologies originate in the efforts of criminals and hackers. The growing sophistication and scale of criminal activity increases the potential for harmful actions. In the late 1990s, the Indian army shifted policy to incorporate electronic warfare and information operations into its doctrine. This led to the modernization of four military elements—information technology, electronic warfare, criticalRead MoreRace And Culture Within Clinical Psychology2369 Words   |  10 PagesAfrican-centered psychology strives to address issues of race and culture within clinical psychology, with the goal of providing the best and most appropriate mental health care for African-American individuals. While traditional clinical psychology relies upon the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to define mental illnesses, African-centered psychology more broadly states that psychopathology is not solely â€Å"individual intra-psychic malfunction but includes a larger context ofRead MoreThe Transcultural Theory Addressing Cultural Dynamics1897 Words   |  8 Pagestheory addressing cultural dynamics. In the health care setting cultural dive rsity plays a big role because we have a variety of patients of all types of cultural backgrounds that are admitted into the hospital. In order to provide quality care to patients one must be culturally competent. Being culturally competent demonstrates that one can effectively communicate with patients of different cultural backgrounds. Alternatively, Nola Pender introduces a health promotion model that encourages the communityRead MoreClinical Trials And Its Effects On The Public Health Care Arena2654 Words   |  11 Pagesvolunteer reporting by health care professionals (HCP) and mandatory reporting by drug developers/manufacturers, this field of study is essential in the improvement of patient outcomes and safety. Its peripheral importance lies in contributions to cost effectiveness and risk management in the public health care arena. Responsible and aggressive implementation of adverse event reporting procedures promote awareness and value to the importance of the identificati on of harmful effects of medication useRead MoreExaming the Cultural Practice of Ukuthwala and Its Impact on the Rights of the Child13071 Words   |  53 PagesStudies have defined culture as a coherent self contained system of values and symbols that a specific cultural group reproduces over time, which provides individuals with the required signpost and meanings for behaviour and social relationships in their everyday life. The above statement shows that culture is a social heritage which includes all knowledge, beliefs, customs and skills that are available to members of a social group. 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Used appropriately, they can be lifesaving procedures. Routine use, without valid indication though, can transform childbirth from a natural physiologic process and family event into a medical or surgical procedure. Every intervention presents the possibility of unwanted effects and subsequent

In Cold Blood Nature vs Nurture Essay - 885 Words

In Truman Capote’s famous non-fiction novel, In Cold Blood, there is evidence that supports the injustices of the trial: death penalty. The final outcome of the trail was never to be any different than death. â€Å"Of all the people in all the world, the Clutters were the least likely to be murdered† (Capote 85). We know the two men who killed the Clutter family, Perry Smith and Bill Hickock, preplanned the crime with malice and forethought. Although the actions were crul and grusome, does Death Row fit what they did if their pasts, childhood environments and situation, are bad. Capote shows the effect of childhood on the killers and if the death penalty is fair. Capote gives the killers a voice to show their humanity by giving childhood†¦show more content†¦If the juror had had this incite would they have sentenced Smith and Hickock to death? Perry Smith came from a very dysfunctional family. Growing up Perry was never taught right from wrong. His parents divo rced after years of domestic violence, his mother became an alcoholic. Due to the stresses at home he is a cronique run-away. He was â€Å"in and out of detention homes many times† (277); an orphanage. The cottage mistress severely beats and humiliates Smith for wetting the bed. During Smith’s teen years two of his sibling’s committed suicide, and the surviving sibling refusing to interact with him. Smith was angry, conflicted, and scarred by years of abuse. Taking the opportunities his adulthood gave him to act out against the world that hurt him. Dick Hickock had an excellent family, but they did struggle with finances. He was an outstanding athlete and a good student. Dick was â€Å"An outstanding athlete-always on the first team at school. Basketball! Baseball! Football! Dick was always the star player. A pretty good student, too, with A marks in several subjects†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Capote 166).â€Å"I think the main reason I went there (the Clutter home) was n ot to rob them but to rape the girl† (Capote 278). In the ongoing debate about whether nature or nurture is the primary force shaping a person’s character, Capote comes down firmly on the side of nurture and environment in his book In Cold Blood. Was Capote trying to justifyShow MoreRelatedTruman Capote -In Cold Blood - Nature vs Nurture1274 Words   |  6 Pagesryan hegarty In Cold Blood. Question 2 â€Å"Nature vs Nurture† Truman Capote’s acclaimed â€Å"non-fiction† novel, In Cold Blood explores the concept as to whether killers are born or made, following the brutal murders of the Clutter family in rural Kansas. Capote develops Perry Smith’s horrid, unfortunate upbringing as a key narrative device which serves to illustrate the effect of childhood experiences on adult behaviour. Capote manipulates the reader’s idea of morality, controversially portraying PerryRead MoreNature vs. Nurture in in Cold Blood Essay2044 Words   |  9 PagesThe Effects of Ones Environment in In Cold Blood On November 15, 1959, in the small town of Holcomb, Kansas, a family of four was brutally murdered by shotgun blasts only a few inches from their faces. The protagonist of the story, Perry Smith, a man with a troubled past, is the one responsible for committing these murders. In framing the question nature versus nurture, Capote’s powerfully written account of the Clutter family killings asks whether a man alone can be held responsible for his actionsRead MoreNature vs Nurture in Truman Capote’s Novel, In Cold Blood Essay1058 Words   |  5 PagesRichard Mulcaster, a British instructor of English, once wrote, â€Å"Nature makes the boy toward, nurture sees him forward.† Mulcaster recognizes that both genetic and environmental factors determine the type of a person one becomes. Truman Capote’s nonfiction novel, In Cold Blood gives the reader an opportunity to see prime examples of how nature and nurture influence one’s character. Capote’s n ovel, In Cold Blood introduces the reader to two men; Richard Eugene Hickock known as Dick throughout theRead MoreThe Theory Of Nature Vs. Nurture1680 Words   |  7 PagesThe theory of nature vs. nurture, or inherited vs. acquired, is a complex psychological theory that questions how people develop, as a person, in life and how they act. Their impact determines your personality traits, values, morals, and behavior in life. The idea of nature is the belief that people develop into who they are based on genetic traits given to them at birth. For example, some children inherit a musical talent from their parents along with eye color, hair color, and race. These traitsRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture Essay1612 Words   |  7 PagesNature vs. Nurture Essay Throughout many years, scientists have been debating about whether nature or nurture is the driving force that shapes a person’s cognitive abilities and personal traits. Before the ongoing debate can be explained, it is necessary to understand what nature and nurture actually are. Nature is loosely defined as the genetics one inherits and tendencies that influence development. Many things in an individual are hereditary, for instance; gender, disease, height, eye color,Read MoreThe Murder Of The Clutter Family1135 Words   |  5 Pagesthe course of six years bringing this narrative together, Capote began taking drugs and drinking heavily due to the dark nature of the book. Truman Capote tells the true story of a family murdered in In Cold Blood, through character analysis and symbolism to prove nature is a stronger force than nature in shaping a person’s character. Capote expresses his idea of nature vs. nurture in Dick Hickock and Perry Smith and whether killers are born or made. With this in mind, he writes, â€Å"Dick became convincedRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature And Nurture1821 Words   |  8 Pages Nature and nurture are usually seen as very different things, but they are actually somewhat similar and even integrated. There is a huge debate over which holds more influence over how people develop and whether they behave based on genes or their environment. In Sincero’s article Nature and Nurture Debate she discusses arguments for both sides, saying behavior may be completely in a person’s genes, or it could come from experience and influence. Many people believe â€Å"that the criminal acts, tendencyRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature And Nurture1821 Words   |  8 PagesNature and nurture are usually seen as very different things, but they are actually somewhat similar and even integrated. There is a huge debate ove r which holds more influence over how people develop and whether they behave based on genes or their environment. In Sincero’s article Nature and Nurture Debate she discusses arguments for both sides, saying behavior may be completely in a person’s genes, or it could come from experience and influence. Many people believe â€Å"that the criminal acts, tendencyRead MoreThe Film Mind Of A Rampage Killer1475 Words   |  6 Pageshighlighting a mix of nature and nurture ranging from neurologists from Harvard studying brain patterns affected by genetics, to psychologists studying maternal care and attachment during infancy. For example, the documentary presents the discussion of research studying rats which suggests that baby rats that were frequently licked by their mother grew up to be calmer and gentler. Yet, if their mother was more distant in the babies’ infancy, the rats were observed as having higher blood pressure and higherRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1360 Words   |  6 PagesNature vs Nurture Nature versus nurture is a complicated subject to speak about. If one’s abilities or lack of are due to their environment or their genes. For example, a child is behaving negatively in class. Many individuals are quick to jump to the conclusion that â€Å"Oh, that kid’s parents don’t care, or just don’t know how to raise their child.† That could very well be a possibility, but most people never think that maybe they have a hereditary problem, such as ADHD, that was passed

Benefits Realization Management Influence -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Benefits Realization Management Influence? Answer: Introducation Desired Area of Impact: The impact area of the project referred here is developed here on the basis of the following five different areas - financial, operational, social, strategy and the consumer. The project deals with the development of online booking system for tickets for a show organized by RALS agriculture. Hence, the order of priority for the impact area is - Operational, Customer, Social, Strategy and Financial. Project Values: As per Globex requirements as well as RALS estimation, it is assumed that the project will bring faster and better value to the organization. The existing process of ticket sales can be improved by the implementation of online ticketing process. Apart from this, the online ticket sale process increases the speed of the process and ensures a better efficiency. It also relaxes the crowd management process without any delay in the ticketing services. Appropriate Metric: The following metric is chosen: 1) the activities must be accomplished before the scheduled date for all the stakeholders of the organization; 2) 110% of the workload must be accomplished before the end of the month; 3) 70% or above Return on Investment (ROD) must be provided by the outcomes of the project. Appropriate Timeframe: The metric described above needs to be achieved under the time limit of six months after the accomplishment of project. The stakeholder's metric needs to be accomplished before finishing of the project and as a result, the performance of the stakeholders may be assessed at the correct time. "The above project will be stated as successful if each stakeholder of the organization achieves 110% of the workload of the project each month, finishes the assigned target before the due date and the ROI provided by the outcome is more than 70%; apart from it, the project achieves the desired interest areas - Operational, Customer, Social, Strategy, and Financial and brings the faster and better value needed for organization. Part Two The Project's scope includes the development of an online ticket booking system and its sale process in order to resolve the issues like crowd management, delay in queues. The sale system of online ticketing must be relevant enough to perform the function of automated ticketing. Resources required are listed in the table below: Resource type Resource roles Resource responsibilities People Business analyst, Technical lead, Project manager, Developer1, Developer2, Lead analyst, Frontend developer and Tester Management of project, Building the team, Responsibility to make any decision Acting as a bridge between the client and teams involved in development and testing,, Documentation of every requirement and change, Ability to work on difficult issues, suggesting the required architectural changes, awareness related to agile methods, Coordination with lead analyst, Ensuring that SLAs as well as the deadlines are fulfilled, database designing, UI, interfacing Estimation of the process of testing, planning the testing objectives Escalation of issues and risks, providing the required testing updates Technology CXA and UX; Java 8 OCp; HTML5, CSS3, and Act JS The mentioned technologies are required for development of the online ticket booking and its sale system Facilities Department of Development and deployment Provides major tools of development, infrastructure assistance as well as the designing of online application Others Team members Training Proper communication and Coordination, It Provides the training to the employees in the RALS organization Table 1: List of Resources Part Three The scheduling of the activity is performed using Gantt chart in MS Project Software. The scheduling table is provided for achievement of proper allocation of the activities and the time using all the provided resources. Later, work breakdown structure is also prepared using the above Gantt chart. Part Four Risk analysis and risk management need to be performed for the maintenance of the process of risk mitigation. The following assumptions provide the bases for the identification of the risks- The approval of MOV from the managing authorities and the administration The completion of project before the planned deadline The completion of the project within allocated budget No requirement of training for the employees and the stakeholders Risk Management Plan: As per MOV, project charter and the assumptions, the risk areas of the project are recognized, evaluated and mitigation plan is adopted accordingly. The risks are as follows: Budget risk: There are certain chances of the project running out of the allocated budget by the company. Therefore, the contingency planning process must be considered by the management authorities for the adjustment of the budget during the project timeline. Despite of having a high likelihood, the risk is considered to have the catastrophic severity. Thus, formulation of the mitigation plan must be a process of high authority. Timeline risk: Sometimes the project is not completed before the deadline and there is a requirement of some extra time of a week or a month. In this case, the project manager should consider cutting an extra slack of time so that the project completes within the decided time period. Despite of having medium likelihood, the risk has a medium severity. Thus, the priority for adoption of the mitigation plan is medium. Non-Approval of MOV: The approval of MOV lies on the management. In case the management finds it difficult to meet the requirements of MOV based on the terms of money, time and resources, they can reject the MOV. In this case, project needs to be restarted and a fresh MOV needs to be prepared. This risk has a low likelihood but ids considered to have certain severity. Thus, low priority must be given to the planning of mitigation plan in this case. Training Requirements: There is a need for the training for a few days for the new and existing stakeholders and the employees in RALS to work in the new system. Therefore, there is need to spend a portion of assigned budget in the training process. This risk is considered to have low likelihood but medium severity. Thus, the planning of mitigation plan needs low priority. Project Failure Risk: There are chances that even after project completion, the full benefits of projects are not realized. This may happen if implementation process is not proper. To ensure that project reaps intended benefits there is need to monitor progress of project from time to time. Also, it must be ensured that project delivered is as per standards set. Part Five The statement regarding quality management needs to be prepared in the following way - We hereby declare that we aimed to develop online ticket booking system for RALS committee and we will provide shear quality in all functionalities as collected and analyzed prior to project initiation phase. The verification activities are listed below: Ensuing that product development is in accordance with the policies of the organization. Checking the proper automation Ensuring the proper estimation tools Ensuring that the process of testing is in accordance with the scheduled timeline The following are the validation activities- Identification of the insider flaws such as testing bugs Identification of the defects in application functioning. Part Six: Annotated Bibliography: Closure and Evaluation Annotated bibliography can be found attached. Closure checklist: It includes major activities like contract sign-out, stakeholder sign-out, preparing documentation, preparation of evaluation plan and reviewing of the performance. Evaluation Plan: It involves criteria like meeting requirements, performance, achievement of deliverables of higher level and quality and completion of the tasks within time. References Besner, C., Hobbs, B. (2013). Contextualized project management practice: A cluster analysis of practices and best practices.Project Management Journal,44(1), 17-34. Hill, G. (2013).The complete project management office handbook(3rd ed.). New York: CRC Press. Kerzner, H. (2013).Using the project management maturity model. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Knutson, J. (2001).Project management for business professionals. New York: John Wiley. Marcelino-Sdaba, S., Prez-Ezcurdia, A., Lazcano, A. M. E., Villanueva, P. (2014). Project risk management methodology for small firms.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), 327-340. McLeod, L., Doolin, B., MacDonell, S. G. (2012). A perspective?based understanding of project success.Project Management Journal,43(5), 68-86. Martinelli, R. J., Milosevic, D. Z. (2016).Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley Sons. Quade, S., Birkenkrahe, M., Habermann, F. (2013). KMUT Project Management Toolbox.International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (Ijet),8(2). https://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v8i2.2485 Raydugin, Y. (2013).Project risk management. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Serra, C. E. M., Kunc, M. (2015). Benefits realization management and its influence on project success and on the execution of business strategies.International Journal of Project Management,33(1), 53-66.

Abraham Maslow free essay sample

Abstract Abraham Maslow is considered to be the father of Humanistic Psychology. Though growing up in a cruel household, he accomplished much in his lifetime. An avid advocate of â€Å"Human Motivation†, Maslow developed many theories corresponding to the subject. This article goes into detail on his theory of Hierarchy of Needs and Self-Actualization. Maslow put forth the notion of a 5-level pyramid of needs. Psychological, Safety and Security, Love and Belonging, and Esteem were considered essential â€Å"basic† needs. These must be fulfilled before a person can reach the highest level of Self-Actualization. Maslow studied a range of historical and public figures to come to a conclusion of the characteristics of a self-actualized individual. A self- evaluation of myself concludes the essay. While evaluating yourself is never an easy task, I thought extensively on how to bring myself to a self-actualized level. I would be honored to eventually achieved the self-actualized potential, as only less than 2 percent of our population have been recorded as so. Early Life Abraham Maslow was the first-born child of Samuel and Rose Maslow. He was born on April 1, 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. His parents were destitute, uneducated immigrants from Russia. Strongly religious, they strictly adhered to the Judaism denomination. Maslow was raised the sole Jewish boy in a non-Jewish neighborhood. Due to this, he grew up lonely and found contentment in books. Maslow once said â€Å"I was a little Jewish boy in a non-Jewish neighborhood. It was a little like being the first Negro enrolled in an all-white school. I was isolated and unhappy. I grew up in libraries and among books, without friends† (Hall, 1968, p. 37) The home-life of Abraham Maslow was filled with troubled times, as well. The relationship between Maslow and his father was hostile. Being uneducated himself, Samuel Maslow forced his son to be versed in areas that were of no interest to Abraham. According to Maslow’s own recollection, his father loved whiskey, women, fighting, and regarded his son as ugly and stupid (Emrich, n. d. ). Samuel frequently humiliated his son in public, causing Maslow to think of himself as disgusting. This left marks on his self-confidence. If riding the subway, he would look for an empty car, so that no one would have to see how atrocious he was. Maslow intensely despised his mother, Rose. He felt that his mother was insensitive and unloving. Showing signs of affection or love was alien to her, especially to her own family. His disgust of his mother began when she decided to place a bolt-lock on the refrigerator. She only removed the lock when she was in a pleasant mood. Maslow had a love for animals. When he was a child, he found two deserted kittens and brought them home. One evening, Rose found young Abraham feeding the kittens milk in the basement of their home. She flew into a rage and crushed the kittens’ heads against the wall. This horrific event stuck with him for the rest of his life. As an adult, Maslow eventually reconciled with his father. In interviews, he actually spoke positively of him on a few occasions. Nevertheless, he never desired to make peace with his mother. Throughout his life, his hatred continued to grow and he even refused to go to her funeral. Through all the heartache, he managed to have a valuable relationship with his uncle that continued the full-length of his lifetime. On December 31, 1928, Abraham Maslow married his long-time love and first cousin Bertha Goodman. The couple conceived two daughters, Ann and Ellen. Maslow later stated that the moment that he married Bertha, his life changed forever. He regarded this as the â€Å"true beginning of his life† and they remained happily married until his death (Emrich, n. d. ). Education In 1922, Maslow attended the Boys High School in Brooklyn (Hoffman, 1988). In high school, his love for Social Science and Philosophy began to emerge. At the early age of 17, Maslow enrolled at the City College of New York (CCNY). He majored in science, focusing on a future career in humanities. While at CCNY, Maslow excelled in English and Social Sciences. Trigonometry was not his strong suit, causing him to be on academic probation in his second semester (Patel, 2012). In 1926, Maslow’s father pushed him to enroll at the Brooklyn Law School (BLS) to begin law studies. Abraham endured nightly law classes, while still attending day classes at CCNY. After two months, he dropped out, realizing that law was of no interest to him. In 1927, Maslow left CCNY for Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Due to cheaper tuition, he applied to the College of Agriculture at Cornell. He majored once again in social sciences to fulfill his dream. Maslow was disheartened by an Introductory Psychology course that he took, instructed by Edward B. Titchner (Emrich, n. d. ). He found Titchner’s teaching in of Structuralism and his theory of â€Å"Scientific Introspection† dull. At the end of the semester, Maslow left Cornell to return to New York and attend CCNY once again. In 1927, Maslow was again studying Humanities and Social Sciences at CCNY. In 1928, Abraham transferred to the University of Wisconsin after hearing of its exceptional professors. In 1930, he finally was awarded his Bachelor’s Degree and in 1931 he completed his Master’s. After having a hard time finding employment as a professor, he accepted the position of a Psychology Teachers Assistant at his Alma Mater. While assisting in psychology classes, famed experimental psychologist Harry Harlow took notice of him. Maslow soon became Harlow’s research assistant and first doctoral student. Harlow and Maslow studied the social behavior and learning potential of primates. Influenced by his work with Harlow, Abraham instituted a study of investigating food in preferences in animals (Patel, 2012). He examined pigeons, dogs and monkeys throughout his studies and found that the higher the animal is on the phyletic scale, the more fluctuating the animal’s food preference will be. Maslow published a paper of his theory called â€Å"Appetites and Hunger in Animal Motivation† in 1935 (Patel, 2012) His paper displayed the dissimilarity between hunger and appetite, and showed that behavior cannot be understood as motivated by the gratification of survival needs (Hoffman, 1988). For his doctoral degree, Maslow continued his research of primates; focusing on their dominant behavior. Throughout his studies, he found that the higher the monkey was on the primate scale, the less brutality in dominance. The results of his studies lead him to go beyond his original dominance theory and recognize that something else stimulates behavior, particularly in higher levels of human nature (Wilson, 1972). After achieving his PhD in 1934, Maslow accepted a fellowship at Columbia University. Working alongside the prominent Dr. Edward L. Thorndike, he extended his research to dominance in humans. While they were actively working together, Thorndike administered an IQ test on Maslow. Much to their surprise, he responded with a result of 195. Although Maslow originally was inspired by the work that he did with Thorndike, he eventually became uninterested. Maslow was compelled to research human sexuality, which Thorndike stood behind. Between 1937 and 1942, Maslow published numerous articles based on female sexuality (Emrich, n. d. ). Throughout his studies, he found that dominant women are more likely to be extroverted. Although that may be true, he found that those women were allured to highly-dominant men, who were aggressive and vain. Vice versa, women who are less-dominant, tend to interested in men who are kind in nature. In 1937, Maslow accepted employment as a psychology professor located at Brooklyn College. For the next 14 years, he would teach at BC and continue his human sexuality studies. In 1951, was afforded the opportunity to become Chairman of the Psychology Department at Brandeis University. Soon after accepting the position, he began to question the way the psychologists came to conclusions. He had his own ideas on how to understand the human mind. He would eventually call his theory â€Å"Humanistic Psychology†. He published many documents in his later life, including the notable works â€Å"Motivation and Personality†, â€Å"Toward a Psychology of Being†, and â€Å"The Further Reaches of Human Nature†. In July 1966, Maslow was elected president of the American Psychological Association. Due to his failing health, he retired from teaching and accepted a fellowship at the Student Affairs Graduate Association. On July 8, 1970, Abraham Maslow passed away at the age of 62 after suffering a heart attack. He left behind prominent theories that are still referenced today. These theories include Maslow’s Hierarchy of Self Needs, Maligned Human Nature, Self-Actualization, and the Theory of Human Motivation. Hierarchy of Self Needs In his 1943 paper â€Å"A Theory of Human Motivation†, Abraham Maslow first introduced his concept of Hierarchy of Needs. He stated that a person must full their most basic needs in a natural hierarchy while advancing to a higher, self-actualization. His theory is most often displayed in pyramid form. The original five stages of Maslow’s Hierarchy are divided into basic or so-called deficient needs and growth needs. The lowest levels of the pyramid consist of a person’s deficient needs, eventually advancing to the more complex, growth needs at the top. Once these needs have been fulfilled, one may work on his or her) rise to self-actualization. The first level to be satisfied is a person’s â€Å"Psychological† needs. These include one’s necessity for oxygen, water, food and sleep (Cherry, n. d. ). Maslow believed that â€Å"Psychological† needs consisted of your most basic, considering that a person could not live without these attributes. Once a person’s psychological needs have been achieved, the level of â€Å"Safety and Security† comes into play. These are the needs for structure, order, security and predictability. Once the individual has a sense of being secure, safety needs have sufficiently been met. Maslow’ considered the third level of needs to be less of a priority than psychological and security needs (Cherry, n. d. ). The stage known as â€Å"Love and Belonging† corresponds to the need that drives an individual to seek relationships with others. This is based on affection towards friends, family, children, and an all-around sense of community. Satisfaction of â€Å"Belongingness† then triggers the rise of â€Å"Esteem† needs. Maslow proposed two levels of esteem needs, these being know as lower and higher stages. The lower stage pertains to the need for status, fame, recognition, attention, respect of others, appreciation, and even dominance (Boeree, 1998). The higher form relates to the needs for self-respect. This includes feelings of confidence, achievement, independence, and freedom. The lower stage is easier to lose, based on the fact of the characteristics relying on the respect of others. Self-Actualization â€Å"What a man can be, he must be. This need we call Self-Actualization. † –Abraham Maslow The highest level of â€Å"Self-Actualization† needs presents itself once all â€Å"basic† needs have been satisfied. This need is fundamentally different from the former levels in the aspect of prior needs are driven by â€Å"deficiency† (Heylighen, 1992, Pg. 41). According to Maslow, Self-Actualization pertains to â€Å"Ultimate Psychological Health† that is continually developing. This stage is also known as â€Å"Growth† needs, due to the fact that once self-actualization is reached, it cannot be lessened, only made to grow. Maslow biographically analyzed several historical and public figures in his conceptualization of the Self-Actualization theory. Abraham Lincoln, Albert Einstein, Thomas Jefferson and Eleanor Roosevelt were included in a group of individuals that Maslow believed met the standard of Self-Actualization. In his research, he examined their biographies, their acts and personally interviewed a few contemporaries. From these sources, he developed a list of common qualities that these people possessed. 1. Openness to Experience- They are eager to learn new ideas and skills, open to engage in new experiences, and try new things. 2. Accurate Perception of Reality- They tend to be truthful and are able to differentiate between genuine and dishonest. 3. Freshness of Appreciation- They are open to spontaneous feelings of awe and wonder and are more prone to peak experiences. 3. Spontaneity- They are natural, open-minded and not worried about what other people may think. 4. Creativity- They exhibit a playful attitude towards problem solving and self-expression. 5. General Attitude of Acceptance- They are not deterred by events that they cannot change, only what is, might be or ought to be. 6. Stability- They have little difficulty making decisions and know how to distinguish between good and bad. 7. Autonomy- They do not need other people, make decisions for themselves, prefer solitude, and have a need for privacy. 8. Empathy- They possess an affinity towards humanity as a whole. They are friendly to everyone that they meet, especially children. 9. Sincerity, Self-Disclosure and Intimacy- They have close personal friends, family and lovers and tend to drop all defenses. Maslow once stated â€Å"There are no perfect human beings† (McLeod, 2007). Studies have found that less than two percent of the population actually achieves self-actualization. To be self-actualized, a person did not need to display all of Maslow’s stated characteristics, yet merely achieve one’s potential.