Strategic Corporate Fiance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic Corporate Fiance - Essay Example From the above-mentioned table, it is quite evident that Net Asset Value of Marks and Spencer have increased for 0.03 bases point and is higher in 2011 than 2010. The company has net assets worth of ?1.72 in 2011 and ?1.69 in 2010, which clearly explains that the Net Asset Value is improving. 2) Cost of Capital (CAPM) In the table mentioned below, the computations have been shown for the weighted average cost of capital of the company, Marks and Spencer. The cost of debt of the company is 4% whereas the cost of capital of the company was found as 4.5%. The weighted average cost of capital of the company, which incorporated the value of debt and value of equity was found to be 4.33%. Cost of Debt       Rd = Annual Coupon    Current Bond Price          = 5    125       Rd = 4.00% Value of Equity Ve = Current Price of Share x Number of Shares outstanding = 3.76 x 1,600 = 6,016 Value of Debt Vd = Current Price of Bond x Number of Bonds Issued = 125 x 2,489 = 3,111                         100       Weights       Wd = Debt = 3,111 = 34.09%    Debt + Equity 3,111 + 6,016          We = Equity = 6,016 = 65.91%       Debt + Equity    3,111 + 6,016       3) Dividend Growth Model (DGM) In this section of the paper, computations for Gordon’s dividend growth models have been shown. ...       K – g    0.045 - 0.02       From the above-mentioned table, this information can be extracted that if the growth rate is zero, then the hypothetical ex-right price of share price of Marks and Spencer is approximately 377 pence. In contrast to that, if it is assumed that dividend grow at the rate of 2%, then there is an enormous increment in the share price of the company, which is around 693 pence. It can be stated that at the growth rate 0, the share price of the company of 363 pence is more appropriate than the share price at growth rate 2%, which is 693. The share price of 693 pence is highly optimistic. 4) Price Earnings Ratio (P/E Ratio) The following table demonstrates the Price Earnings Ratio of Marks and Spencer. Price Earnings Ratio    31-Mar-12 11-Jan-13 P/E Ratio = 376 = 11.56 times = 363 = 11.2 times       32.5             32.5       In the year 2011, the Price Earnings Ratio of the company is 11.56. Nevertheless, it reduced in the last year to 11.2 because there was a reduction in the share price of the company. The average price earnings ratio of the respective industry of Marks and Spencer is 8.5 times, on the other hand, the P/E of Marks and Spencer is 11.2 times. If the P/E of Marks and Spencer is compared with the industry average, then it can be stated the Price Earnings ratio of Marks and Spencer is substantially higher than the industry average. It reveals that the share price of the company is over-values as compared to its industry competitors. Task 2 Investment in stocks is something which can be extremely tricky for ordinary investors. This is because the investors lack in having capabilities regarding the pricing of the stocks. The pricing of stocks have turned out to be a key factor as a minor mistake in

War is never justified Essay Example for Free

War is never justified Essay In this essay I shall give a review of the current war on Afghanistan and some of the theories behind it being either just or unjust war. In these time is can be difficult for people to give their honest and pure opinions on war, partly because of their countries allies, enemies and even their personal friends foes. People living in the United States of America will be influenced by their leaders getting them to go to a war against Afghanistan in which they call: War Against Terrorism. There is one problem with this and that is that you cannot wipe out all the wicked off the world as this is impossible. You may be able to stop a significant amount of it but not all of it, it is just physically impossible. I said at the beginning of this essay that I would go through some of the theories, so here they are: 1. Realism: no moral justification Realism is when the public do not get a decision to go to war, it is all up to the government to decide and work at their own interests on the war. 2. Consequentialism: Consequentialism is when a war is justified by the consequences on both sides. This prevents any possible tragedies happening. 3. Just War Theory: The Just War Theory has VERY strict conditions, in fact if a war is justified it must meet with seven conditions: 1.Just cause 2.Last Resort 3.Lawful Authority 4.Formal Declaration 5.Right Intention 6.Prospects of Success 7.Proportionality (good overall effects) 4. Pacifism: Pacifism is simply that war is never justified, this is what I believe. Now let me give you three questions that give a simple sum-up of what I have just said: 1. Is war allowed or not? Pacifism versus non-pacifism 2. If allowed, are any ethical limitations suitable? Realism versus ethics-of-war theories. 3. If moral constraints are appropriate, what should they be? Consequentialism, Just War Theory or Pacificism. Ill bet there are many more theories out there, but I have just picked these out because it gives a good range of different perspectives. I will now go through the seven conditions of the Just War Theory and apply them of the war against Afghanistan: 1.Just cause 2.Last Resort 3.Lawful Authority 4.Formal Declaration 5.Right Intention 6.Prospects of Success 7.Proportionality (good overall effects) Just Cause Just Cause means that you cannot just attack a random country for some poor reason, for example (this is imaginary): The USA attack Monte Carlo because they are jealous of a wonderfully complex and twisty racetrack they possess. This would be pathetic as the Americans have the Laguna Seca Raceway and it just seems so childish. Anyway, back to the point, this theory has to include two states, one being attacked and the other doing the attacking. The problem with this is that no state attacked America, it was an organisation. So this part of the Just Cause Test has been failed. Now for the second condition. Last Resort This condition states that if all other reasonable (in the eyes of the theory) options have been exhausted then the best option can be taken. It seems debatable that other options have not been exhausted, so another failure. Lawful Authority Formal Declaration The war must be formally declared to the public and the opposing state. Bin Laden has completely failed this test, but the USA has formally declared their war. This test has been passed with flying colours Right Intention Not only do states have to have a just cause, they must let the public know about it, not just some hidden intention like the imaginary example I gave earlier. If we look at American foreign policy since World War II it shows that the policy has been inconsistent throughout. Through their disobedience of justice we can positively say that the same has happened here, so this test is almost undoubtedly failed. Prospects of Success If there are no signs stating that this war will be won, then it will be a disastrous waste of life. The current War against Terrorism covers such a colossal span it is evident that the named battle will never be won. Another test failed. Proportionality (good overall effects) No war is justified unless the good effects gained by the war are better than the evil it inflicts. The war is causing starvation (including death of it), many casualties, and death because of protests. According to the just war theory two out of the seven conditions have been passed, so in this theory the war should not be continued. Realist View Nothing better will be gained for the Americans, so from this view the war should not have been started either. Utilitarian view The verdict is doubtful for utilitarianism, too. Whether the war has better consequences than any alternative approach depends not just on the last point of the Just War Theory, which itself makes it very doubtful that the war can be justified. Also, utilitarianism requires not just that the results of war be on balance but on the war being the alternative with the best results, which is even more doubtful. Completely failed. Consequentialism According to Consequentialists the key question is: Will the final strategy minimise the bad-effects compared to all the other options? You must consider that all lives are equal. So, if all lives count equally, then a military strategy that kills many more civilians for the sake of a smaller reduction in military casualties on one side cannot be justified on consequentialist justifications. But this is precisely the reason why the US and its allies have used massive air strikes in what they say is the first phase of the war. It seems likely that this strategy does not minimise the bad effects compared to all alternatives and so any consequentialist justification is doubtful. Summing up I believe that there is no such thing as a just war and countries should stop, tidy up and talk, it would save a lot of lives and be a lot more logical, even if it means translating!

Chaucers Canterbury Tales - Importance of Order in Knights Tale Essa

The Importance of Order in Knight's Tale    Chaucer claims to place the Knight's Tale just after the General Prologue by chance, the drawing of lots. The Knight draws the short straw, and all are glad for it. The appropriateness of his lengthy tale to follow is clear on some levels, and barely perceptible on others. I intend to launch my investigation of the Knight's Tale with a scrutiny of these three statements, and perhaps we shall find an interesting conclusion in this, albeit a disputable one. The honorable Host, Harry Bailey, begins this famous day of pilgrimage by calling everyone together to draw lots, "He which that hath the shorteste shal beginne." (838) He calls the Knight to draw first, presumably as a gesture of respect, as he refers to the Knight as master and lord. Harry continues to speak for a short moment, as we have the visual image of the Knight stepping up to claim his straw. The host continues to call up two more pilgrims, but quickly decides that everyone might as well draw in a free-for-all. And surprise! The Knight finds himself holding the short cut. Is it possible that Harry managed to give the Knight the short straw intentionally? "Now draweth cut," says he, "for that is myn accord" (840). A close eye may suggest some punning going on in that line: Now draw the cut (short) straw, for it is my wish. The words "cord" and "accord" were both used in Middle English, so we may be able to find some double meaning there as well. If indeed Harry wishes to giv e the Knight the "cord," there are several interesting cases to think on: a) the cord is simply the short straw, b) the cord is the hangman's rope, or c) the cord is a unit of wood cut for fuel. The hangman's rope would make for subtle sarcasm, but... ... immediate effects on the Miller, who cares not a bit for courtesy or order but only reckless lust. Hence, the Miller follows with a tale that Palamon could have appreciated, had he not known the ways of chivalry, but only those of lechery. Works Cited and Consulted Benson, Larry D., ed. The Riverside Chaucer. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987. Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Canterbury Tales. The Norton Anthologyof English Literature. Seventh Edition. Two Volumes. Ed. M. H. Abrams. NewYork: Norton, 2000. Cooper, Helen. The Structure of The Canterbury Tales. Athens: U of Georgia P, 1983. Modern Critical Views: Geoffrey Chaucer, Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1985. Spearing, A.C. Chaucer: The Knight's Tale. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995. Williams, David. The Canterbury Tales, A Literary Pilgrimage. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1987.

Margaret Laurence :: essays research papers

Jean Margaret (Peggy) Wemyss was born in Neepewa, Manitoba on July 18, 1926 to Robert Harrison Wemyss, a lawyer, and Verna Jean, nee Simpson. Margaret’s mother died when she was only four and her father later married her sister, Margaret Cambell Simpson, a teacher and later a librarian. She was throughout the years one of Margaret’s "greatest encouragers." After her father’s death, when she was nine and her brother still a baby, the family went to live with Grandfather Simpson in his big brick house on first avenue. After graduating from high school in 1944, Margaret attended United College (now the University of Winnipeg), and was an assistant editor of the college paper, Vox. She graduated from United College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1946, and married John Fergus Laurence on September on September 13, 1947, in the Neepewa United Church. She then worked for a time as a reporter for the Winnipeg Citizen. In 1950, after living for a year in England, Margaret and her husband moved to British Somaliland. While there, she wrote a translation of Somali prose and poetry, "A Tree for Poetry." A travel book, "The Prophet’s Camel Bell," written some years later, describes the Laurences’ experience in Somaliland. They moved to Accra, Ghana in 1952, with their 2-month-old daughter Jocelyn. During their five years in Africa, Margaret produced her first novel, "This Side Jordan," which won the 1961 Beta Sigma Phi Award for the best first novel by a Canadian. A collection of short stories, "The Tomorrow Tamer," Written a few years later, is also set in West Africa. Out of her African years came an interest in contemporary literature by Africans, which resulted in her study of Nigerian fiction and drama, Long Drums and Cannons. The Laurences’ son, David, was born in Ghana in 1955. After having Africa, they moved to Vancouver for five years. During this time Margaret wrote "The Christmas as Birthday Story." They then moved to England for seven years. In the ten-year period, 1964-1974, the Manawaka books were published: "The Stone Angel" (1964), "A Jest of God" (1969), "The Fire Dweller’s" (1969), "A Bird in the House" (1970), and "The Diviner’s" (1974). Margaret Laurence :: essays research papers Jean Margaret (Peggy) Wemyss was born in Neepewa, Manitoba on July 18, 1926 to Robert Harrison Wemyss, a lawyer, and Verna Jean, nee Simpson. Margaret’s mother died when she was only four and her father later married her sister, Margaret Cambell Simpson, a teacher and later a librarian. She was throughout the years one of Margaret’s "greatest encouragers." After her father’s death, when she was nine and her brother still a baby, the family went to live with Grandfather Simpson in his big brick house on first avenue. After graduating from high school in 1944, Margaret attended United College (now the University of Winnipeg), and was an assistant editor of the college paper, Vox. She graduated from United College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1946, and married John Fergus Laurence on September on September 13, 1947, in the Neepewa United Church. She then worked for a time as a reporter for the Winnipeg Citizen. In 1950, after living for a year in England, Margaret and her husband moved to British Somaliland. While there, she wrote a translation of Somali prose and poetry, "A Tree for Poetry." A travel book, "The Prophet’s Camel Bell," written some years later, describes the Laurences’ experience in Somaliland. They moved to Accra, Ghana in 1952, with their 2-month-old daughter Jocelyn. During their five years in Africa, Margaret produced her first novel, "This Side Jordan," which won the 1961 Beta Sigma Phi Award for the best first novel by a Canadian. A collection of short stories, "The Tomorrow Tamer," Written a few years later, is also set in West Africa. Out of her African years came an interest in contemporary literature by Africans, which resulted in her study of Nigerian fiction and drama, Long Drums and Cannons. The Laurences’ son, David, was born in Ghana in 1955. After having Africa, they moved to Vancouver for five years. During this time Margaret wrote "The Christmas as Birthday Story." They then moved to England for seven years. In the ten-year period, 1964-1974, the Manawaka books were published: "The Stone Angel" (1964), "A Jest of God" (1969), "The Fire Dweller’s" (1969), "A Bird in the House" (1970), and "The Diviner’s" (1974).

Allowing Students to Bring Mobile Phones to School Essay

In today’s generation, mobile phones have been a necessity in everyone everyday lives. Many teenagers today describe their mobile phones as their â€Å"life†. Technology nowadays increasingly sophisticated makes all information is just at our fingertips. So, the question arose whether mobile phones should be allowed during school sessions? What are the effects of it? Some people support this proposal because they felt that mobile phones can help students at the school. While some others felt that it will increase social problems among students. As for my opinion, there are two pros allowing students to bring mobile phones to the school, which is act as convenient communication tool and learning aids, and one con which is increasing in criminal cases. With the development of technology, each purpose of usage has its own pros and cons. There are some advantages of allowing students to bring mobile phones to school which is act as convenient communication tool and learning aids. Firstly, as a communication tool, students can use mobile phones to keep in touch with their parents or friends while they are still at school. As a small tool, mobile phones are very convenient to the students to carry it around the school in their pocket or bag. Moreover, students can use mobile phones as an emergency aid. As we know nowadays that there are lots of illegal activities such as bully and theft that has already plagued school. So, by allowing students to bring mobile phones to school, students can use it to contact authorities if they are in danger during school hour. Besides that, mobile phones can also be used as learning aids at school. As stated above, the technology of mobile phones nowadays is very advance and sophisticated. Thus, students can used this technology to aid them and look for information about knowledge in the faster ways. There are lots of functions or application such as calculator, maps, internet, dictionaries, notes, and calendars that can assist students in their learning process at school. That’s why Deputy Education Minister, Datuk Dr Wee Ka Siong said that in 2013, students will be allowed to bring mobile phones and IT gadgets to school after the rules and regulations under the Education Act 1996 are  amended. It is suggested like that because the government has foreseen how mobile phone can aid students to gain more and faster knowledge during school hour. Read more:  Essay on Heavy School Bags However, every development there is also con when bring a mobile phones to school, which is increasing in criminal cases. Some examples of criminal cases that occur in the school are theft, bullying and cheating. First of all is theft cases, there are good chances of phone theft when students bring an expensive and attractive mobile phones to school. In fact, Datin Noor Azimah (The Star Online, 2012) said â€Å"When there is a theft, time would be spent and wasted while trying to look for the culprit and this would likely disrupt classes†. So, it is best to leave them at home to prevent this problem from occur. As well as bullying, this is the form of cyber-bullying that has replaced the physical bullying and makes the school environment unsafe for many students. This is because, mobile phones nowadays have a built-in digital camera, and there is a distinct possibility that some students may take unflattering pictures, send incriminating videos, or utter threatening. Therefore, the use of mobile phones can be quickly turned into tools of corruption. Apart from it there is increasing in cheating cases. Mobile phones that can surf the Web and have application such as advance calculator or camera can facilitate cheating on tests, quizzes, in-class essays and other assignments. For example, an article titled â€Å"Students Called on SMS Cheating† proves that cheating is present inside the classroom, and allowing cell phones inside the classroom puts a teacher’s classroom management at risk. As a result, it will give a lot of trouble to school. To conclude, we can see that allowing students to bring mobile phones to school will be beneficial to them. Even though, mobile phones can be used as a communication tool and learning aids, still the disadvantages such as increase in criminal cases will give more impact to student’s life and that cannot be overlooked. REFERENCE Bernama (2012, July 17). PTA: No mobile phones to school, please! The Star. Retrieved from http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2012/7/17/nation/20120717222415&sec=nation Culture: Education. (2003, January 30). Students called on SMS cheating. Retrieved from http://www.wired.com/culture/education/news/2003/01/57484 Loo T. E. (2012, July 16). Students can take handphones, IT gadgets to school from 2013. The Star. Retrieved from http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2012/7/17/nation/20120717222415&sec=nation

Ptolemy vs. Copernicus essays

Ptolemy vs. Copernicus essays Throughout the history of astronomical theory, there have been two main theories on the setup and placement of the heavenly bodies within our observed universe. The two theories are the geocentric model, our earliest theory, wherein the earth is at the center of everything, and everything rotates around it, and the heliocentric model, introduced much later on, wherein the sun is at the center, and nothing except the moon rotates around the earth. Both these theories have been disputed and argued over until more contemporary astronomers put the argument to rest by basically proving the heliocentric idea to be much more realistic through observations of other objects, their motions in relation to earth, and mathematical calculations about these motions. The astronomer who first questioned the astronomical model that was laid forth by Aristotle in his book On the Heavens, and Physics around 350 BCE, was the Greek astronomer, Claudius Ptolemy, who introduced his idea mid- 2nd century CE. He lived and made most of his observations in Egypt, namely Alexandria, and recorded them in a single, impressive compilation called Almagest, which would contain the foundation for popularly accepted astronomical theory for the next 1000 years, going undisputed until the time of Copernicus, when the notion of a heliocentric universe began to become more accepted. In Ptolemy's model, Earth is placed at the center of the universe, though in some models it was very slightly off-centered. Next is the moon, rotating around Earth, followed by the orbit of Mercury, then Venus. The Sun was thought to be the fourth object out into space that was rotating around earth, followed by Mars, then Jupiter, and then Saturn. Neptune, Uranus, and Pluto were all not possible to observe without much more sophisticated equipment than was available at the time. The revolutionary aspect of Ptolemy's work was not inventing the theory of an earth-centered universe, because th...

Dances With Wolves Essays - Dances With Wolves, Films, Dunbar

Dances With Wolves Essays - Dances With Wolves, Films, Dunbar Dances With Wolves Dances with Wolves April 5, 1863 I have arrived at my post and found it to be completely unmanned. Fort Sedgewick appears to have been abandoned for some time. I do not know what has happened to the men that were posted here, but I am anxious to hear from someone. Fort Sedgewick is my post, but I have no one to report to. I don't know what to do. I can only communicate if I leave, and I don't want to abandon my post. I have assigned myself cleanup duty, and will attempt to restore the supply house. It is a tough job for one man but I have plenty of time. All is quiet on the frontier. Lt. John J. Dunbar, U.S.A. April 25, 1863 Today I made contact with an Indian. He is the first man I have seen since my being here. He tried to steal my horse, when I appeared I spooked him and he ran off. I am sure there are many more in the area. I will begin to prepare for another visit, if troops don't arrive soon, all may be lost. I have decided to ration my goods. The missing replacement should be here anytime; it should not be too much longer. I have been patrolling the area day-to-day and have found nothing. Except there is a wolf who seems to interested in the activity here. If he arrives again tomorrow I will name him Two Socks for the milky white socks on both front paws. Lt. John J. Dunbar, U.S.A. May 20, 1863 Many things have happened since my last entry. The Indians have come to visit a few times and our meetings are friendly, though they are frustrating due to the language barrier. It is always the same two men who come; six or seven other warriors accompany them. One of them must be a warrior leader, he is very strong and fiery. The other is very quiet and I think wise. We have learned to speak a few words of each other's language, but not many. I also have visited their camp briefly. I was very excited to see how they lived and I enjoyed myself. I smoked their pipes with them, sat around the campfire, and then was escorted out by the quiet Indian. I look forward to another visit with my neighbors. Lt. John J. Dunbar, U.S.A. June 1, 1863 Today great progress was made with my neighbors. They have a white woman living in their camp named Stands With A Fist that can interprit my conversations with the Indians. I now know the name of the quiet Indian is Kicking Bird. They have named me Dances With Wolves. I now know what questions the Indians are asking me and the same for them. The quiet one and I have become good friends. He is constantly asking me if more white man will come into these lands. I just cannot bring myself to tell him. I feel that our relationship will only grow stronger. Lt. John J. Dunbar, U.S.A. June 29, 1863 So much has happened since my last entry; I don't know where to begin. I now can speak the language of my neighbors thanks to the teaching of Stands With A Fist. It took me quite a while but I am pleased with how fast I am learning. I have been spending much more time with my neighbors and I have been able to learn much more about them. Last conversation Kicking Bird and I had, he asked again about more white men coming. I told him there would be more white man than the stars; the color went out of his face and he looked lifeless. I am sorry for telling him. Lt. John J. Dunbar, U.S.A.

The Nike Company Markets Audit

The Nike Company Markets Audit Executive Summary The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is a wearable technology developed by Nike. Nike is preparing to launch this product to the Australian market. The potential market for the product is 11 million users. The country has a well-developed transport infrastructure that can support a countrywide distribution network.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Nike Company Markets Audit specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This market is also very culturally diverse. The main avenue for communication with the target market is via television and the internet. To enter the Australian market successfully, it is important to get information from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and the Australian Stock Exchange. Market Audit and Competitive Market Analysis The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is a piece of wearable technology launched by Nike as the successor to the Nike+ app for smartphones. Nike would like to market this product t o the Australian market. This paper presents various facets of the Australian market relevant to the marketing of this product. Product Analysis of the Nike+ Sportwatch GPS Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is a unique product in the Australian market. The table below analyses various aspects of the product about the target market. Product Characteristic Analysis Relative Advantage The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS has a unique collection of features that is ideal for personal training. These features include GPS, calorie counter, various pace counters, a watch, a heart rate monitor, among others . Very few products have all these features. Compatibility The target market is already using portable devices such as iPods, and mobile phones as sports accessories. The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS will fit easily into this lifestyle. Complexity The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS has features that are familiar to the target market. The training needed by users to use the product is minimal because it employs controls f amiliar to users. Trialability The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is easy to wear. This gives it high trialability. Potential customers can try the watch in shops while running or walking on a treadmill, or they can try it outdoors during their regular workouts. Observability The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is a wristwatch. This makes it visible when running and when participating in exercises of any kind. In this regard, users can observe its performance as they exercise. Table 1: Analysis of the Nike+ Sportwatch GPS The first problem associated with the product is that the market already has access to the features it provides in various forms. Some potential customers may choose to stick to what they already have. Secondly, the device lacks music. Many people enjoy running and exercising as they listen to music. This may lead to resistance in the uptake of the gadget. Analysis of the Australian Market The target area for the Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is the Australian Market. Australia is a uniq ue market because it is the only country found on a single continent. The country has a population of 22 million people found mainly in cities (ABS, 2014). Australia is the most urbanized country in the world, with more than 85% of its population found in cities (ABS, 2014).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Australia has a well-developed transport and communication infrastructure linking its main population centers. The country has several categories of roads linking various population centers. The country also has a rail network, which serves mining communities. Also, the country has a well-developed air transport system. The Australian market is very complex because of cultural diversity (Forsyth, 2005). This affects the buying behavior of many consumers. Many residents from the middle and upper classes have a strong consumer culture. Those from lower economi c classes do not have sufficient disposable income to support a consumer culture. The product preference in the Australian market about the Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is mainly its health benefits. Many Australians are keen on healthy living because of robust health campaigns by the federal and state governments. The shopping habits of Australian residents also vary widely. At a national level, people spend more on recreational items during the holiday seasons. The typically retain outlets in Australia resemble many of the retail outlets found in the Western World. Australia is also becoming entrenched in the mall culture. Malls and large shopping complexes made up of a variety of stores are a defining feature of many Australian cities (Kull, 2003). The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS can sell well in exclusive stores or in stores that deal with electronics. In particular, the watch can sell well in outlets selling phones and computers. However, the health benefits of the watch and its application t o sports means that vendors and retail outlets selling sports gear and gym equipment can also distribute the watch. Television is still a very influential medium for reaching any target market in Australia. However, online marketing methods such as the use of email marketing, paid up ads as well as dedicated websites is gaining traction as a marketing platform in Australia (Kull, 2003). This is because three-quarters of all Australians have access to the internet (ABS, 2014). The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is a new product, and it may not fit easily into a traditional sales promotion model. The best sales promotion method is allowing consumers to try the product and to make a decision to buy based on their experience.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Nike Company Markets Audit specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The average markup for clothes and shoes in Australia is 145% (ABS, 2014). The average markup for electric al and electronic goods is 85%. The Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is both a wearable electronic device. Therefore the markup for the product will lie somewhere between 85% and 145% (ABS, 2014). Trade discounts are available for customers that buy the product within a specified period after its release. Quantity discounts will accrue to vendors who want to stock large quantities of the watch for resale. Competitor Analysis The main competitor for Nike+ Sportwatch GPS is the Garmin Forerunner and the myriad Smartphone apps that have the same features. The Garmin Forerunner has a heart rate monitoring function as an accessory, vibration alerts, and easy navigation systems. The watch is also compatible with other wearable sports devices. A Garmin Forerunner unit costs AUD 449 (Garmin, 2014). This unit does not come with the premium heart rate monitor. The addition of the monitor pushes the price to AUD 499 (Garmin, 2014). A complete Garmin Forerunner package contains the following accessories. T he box has a Forerunner 910 XT, USB ANT Stickâ„ ¢, AC charger, charging clip, expander strap, and a manual (Garmin, 2014). The advertising model used to market the Garmin Forerunner includes online marketing strategies, use of electronic media adverts, and advertising in technology magazines. Consumers buy the Garmin Forerunner in high-end luxury stores, sportswear stores, and in electronics shops. Also, consumers can buy the watch online. The online distribution model is the most effective way of selling the product (Moisander Valtonen, 2006). Statistics show that 75% of Australians who have access to the internet do some of their shopping online (ABS, 2014). Market Size The total population of Australia is 22 million (ABS, 2014). The target group for the product is adults aged 25-65 (ABS, 2014). This group is not only health conscious but also has the requisite buying power to purchase the product. Therefore, the absolute size of the potential market is 54% of the Australian p opulation (ABS, 2014). The target sale for the next year is 500,000 units. This is 40% of the expected industry sales in the next year.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Most of the products from the competitors have already been in the market. It will not be easy to usurp their market share. However, the trend in the wearable technology industry is that products that are more recent tend to have greater market share until usurped by newer products (Dalic, 2007). Government Participation in the Market Place The agencies that can help in the process of getting a marketing plan for the Nike+ Sportwatch GPS include the following. First, the Australian Bureau of Statistics is an ideal source of information on demographics, which can help in the determination of market trends. Secondly, the stock market is also a very important source of information on the Australian market. A fair view of the technology counters is important in assessing the prevailing market conditions as well as the long-term prospects of investing in this sector (Donaldson, 1986). The third agencies of importance are the regional chamber of commerce in various parts of the country. T he regulations that must guide this venture include the following. First, it is important to observe the Australian competition regulations, as well as the advertising laws. Also, it is important to check on the rules that govern the sale and marketing of the international product. The product must meet health and safety standards in the country. Also, the product must get quality assurance certificates from the Australian Bureau of Standards. References ABS. (2014). Australia Bureau of Statistics. Web. Dalic, T. (2007). Globalisation of Marketing Strategies in Light of Segmentation and Cultural Diversity. Norderstedt: GRIN Verlag. Donaldson, B. (1986). Customer Service: The Missing Dimension in Marketing Management. Journal of Marketing, 2(1), 133-144. Forsyth, P. (2005). Competition Versus Predation in Aviation Markets: A Survey of Experience in North America, Europe and Australia. Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing. Garmin. (2014). Forerunner 910XT. Web. Kull, K. (2003). The Model of Internet-Based Marketing Communication. Tallinn: Tallinn Technical University. Moisander, J., Valtonen, A. (2006). Qualitative Marketing Research: A Cultural Approach. London: Sage. Nike. (2014). Nike+ Sportwatch GPRS. Web.

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

Management - Essay Example In addition, managers may utilize various motivation techniques to ensure that employees’ efforts are directed towards achieving the set targets. Among the techniques employed include: compensations packages, salary increments, job promotion to mention just but a few. However, it is important to note that some employees may not be motivated using money but rather by how managers speaks and encourages them to continue performing exceptionally. In order to do these Managers should also have some special. Those skills include but not limited to; technical skills, communication, problems solving skills just to mention but a few (Adizes, 2004). In addition, managers have a role to play when executing managerial decision. Among the roles played by managers are; decisional role, information and interpersonal role. Decision role entails the responsibility of initiating and implementing change. On the other hand, decision role entails determining what actions are to be undertaken to so lve organisation problems. Information role entails providing seeking information and providing employees and all stake holders with necessary information to ensure that there is a seamless operation within an organisation. Finally, interpersonal role involves linking organisation with the outside world whereby, manager plays the role of representing the organisation outside. This means that he act as a figurehead of the entire organisation. However, the performance and execution of the above roles depend substantially on the styles of management employed. There are two common management styles that are used to manage organisation are further broken down into other smaller styles. The two styles include; autocratic and pessimistic management styles. Autocratic management style is a managerial style where all decisions are made by a single managers and no other party is allowed to participate in the decision making process. On the contrary, Pessimistic style involves a management sty le where lower levels employees are given an opportunity by the managers to participate in the decision making process .This style involves a participatory style of leadership (Adizes, 2004).. Therefore, this study aims to compare managerial style employed by Gordon Ramsay and Jamie Oliver COMPARE THE MANAGEMENT STYLE OF GORDON RAMSAY AND JAMIE OLIVER Gordon Ramsay management style Gordon Ramsey has been reported to be one of the most successful managers in the hotel management industry due to his unique capabilities and tough approaches in dealing with employees. He was born on November 1966 in Scotland as a second born in a family of four children’s. He was educated at North Oxfordshire Technical College where he took a career in Hotel management. However, prior joining culinary art, Gordon Ramsey used to be a footballer though his life in football was quite difficult due to numerous injuries he succumbed in. Despite numerous challenges as a footballer and as professional C hef, Gordon Ramsay completed his education successfully and was offered a job at Wroxton House Hotel where he worked as a chef before returning back to London. In the year 1993 he got a job in London as a head Chef at La Tante Claire, he continued to perform exceptionally in this restaurant and managed to win numerous awards. Thereafter, he developed difference with the restaurant owner and moved out to open his first restaurant named after him. In 1998 his first was named as the best restaurant in the

Post-colonial liberation movement vs. Post-soviet resurgent Essay

Post-colonial liberation movement vs. Post-soviet resurgent nationalism - Essay Example Post-colonial liberation movement vs. Post-soviet resurgent nationalism Liberation movements have nevertheless seemed as struggles against impossible odds and are fought at an immense cost to everyone involved (Bill Ashcroft, 2006). The post second world war led to the rise of the developed west and the backward third world, where the problems of the population have often remained unattended to and are often accompanied with the coercive attitudes of the ruling governments. These are the initial seeds for armed struggle. On the other hand, the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1990 was one of the most resounding events of the 20th century. Since then, the once assumed notion of fading nationalism has once again gained ground and has become one of the most powerful as well as an important decisive force towards nationalism. Nationalism has most often been based on ethnicity and can be witnessed most prominently in the former Soviet Satellite states apart from Russia and its neighbors. Nationalism and the new era politics based on ethnicity have gained momentum over the issue of rights for minorities, which are often victims of national politics. In this context, it is also interesting to compare this aspect with the western approach towards including minorities into the political equation, which could serve as useful models for nations that have recently emerged out of the Soviet grip.

Mass Media Areas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mass Media Areas - Essay Example It also helps me build and improve my interpersonal skills in regards to communication. Announcers’ roles encompass different activities both in and outside the media houses such as conducting interviews, presenting music and news. They also act as commentators in sports such as football. They conduct major activities like parties and weddings as masters of ceremony in addition to working in clubs as disc jockeys (Dominick). For one to qualify as an announcer, he or she ought to attain relevant education credentials. It is necessary to have a bachelor’s degree in communication, journalism or broadcasting. One should also take up courses in voice and diction in order to improve their vocal qualities. These programs are essential because they help one to work well relevant computer software and hardware used in studios (Dominick). What attracts me to this job is because it helps me incorporate my skills and hobbies in a professional manner as I find the opportunity to interact with different people with the profession through interviews (Dominick). These individuals include comedians, professional businesspersons, and sportspersons. I think the interpersonal skills that make me qualify for the job in addition to academic requirement. These skills include the ability to talk to people appropriately and with understandable brevity thus encouraging them to talk. As a result, this will facilitate the announcers’ work such as conducting interviews.  

Definition of slang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Definition of slang - Essay Example Slang is the continual and ever changing use and definition of words in informal conversation, often using references as a mean of comparisons or showing likeness. Some modern slang has endured over the decades since its inception and some will only last a few years before rendered obsolete or outdated.Faggot in modern American English, Canadian English and Australian English uses is a generally pejorative term for a gay man or for mean that are judged to be unmanly, weak or effeminate. Its uses have spread to varying extents elsewhere in the English-speaking world.The term faggot or faggit or fagot used for contempt for a person literally means, "bundle of sticks for burning", originated from French during 1300 AD. In medival England homosexual were supposedly burnt or the Bible is claimed to refer homosexuals stoking the fires of hell. This however is an urban myth. There is no such passage in bible and has never been a tradition in England of burning homosexuals at the stake. More over in the 1500 AD -1800 AD in Britain the word faggot has been used to contempt for a woman specially an old or dissipated women. It is also possible that the meaning derived from the use of the word as a derogatory term for street prostitutes, female and male because of their association with the gutter, where butchers threw "faggot- ends" of meat. The Yiddish word faygele, means "little bird".The word faggot is occasionally used in part of Britain to denote a silly or foolish person- some one who is "as stupid as a bundle of sticks". It has been used as a British slang in 1800 AD as "to copulate with a women" or "to womanized to consort with sexually loose women". In the pilot episode of 1960 British comedy "in loving memory" from Yorkshire television undertaker Jeremiah Unsworth is killed in an accident at work. After the funeral widow Ivy receives the condolences of her old friend Emi Jenkins who says he heard the call he answered it and he fell in the line of duty. No man can ask for a better epitaph than that. Ivy thanks her says goodbye and then turns to his nephew, Billy, as soon as the door is shut and says in reference to Amy "silly old faggot! He heard the call He answered it The only call your uncle Jeremiah ever heard was time, gentlemen please!" The term also used specially in Wales and the black county to refer to a kind of pork meatball covered in gravy. The word faggot have become understood as an Americanism in British English primarily due to its uses in films and television series imported from US. Faggot as a US slang use from early 1900 AD meaning for a male homosexuals usually considered as a strong derogatory remarks. It has been also used for "an unattractive young woman". The earliest known reference to the word in print was in 1940 Jackson and Hellyer "a vocabulary of criminal slang". Common use of faggot such as, "all the faggots (sissies) will be dressed in drag at the ball tonight". The word was also used by a character in Claude Mckays in 1928 novel "Home to Harlem", indicating that it was used during the Herlem Renaissance. Faggot has been historically used as a most offensive terms to address to an American man or adolescent boy. Even in recent year among many gay man use of the term is considered offensive or impolite. Originally confined to US the word in its homosexual senses has been spread by American popular culture to other English speaking countries. The observational comedian George Carlin once pointed out the distinction between faggot and queer. Queer means "homosexuals" where as faggot means "unmanly". The lyrics for 1985 song hit "money for nothing by Dire straits includes" the little faggot with the earring and makeup; yeh, buddy, that's his own hair; the little faggot got his own jet airplane; the little faggot is a millionaire". The repeated use of term mockingly and British usage meaning fool but the term nonetheless caused some controversy due to perception of US meaning.

Consumer Compliance- week 5 Discussion Post Responses Assignment

Consumer Compliance- week 5 Discussion Post Responses - Assignment Example A mortgage and a Deed of Trust helps in making sure that the loan is paid back by the lender. They secure the loan’s repayment by placing a lien on the property (Bevans, 2009). In a mortgage, the lien gives the right to the lender to sell the property and recover money while a Deed of Trust gives a lien to a trustee. In case of default, a mortgage requires that the judicial foreclosure which is often costly while a Deed of Trust allows for non-judicial foreclosure which is often faster and less costly (Haupt & Haupt, 2006). Both the documents help in securing a loan and provide mechanisms for recovery the loan incase the borrower defaults. A mortgage gives foreclosure rights to the lender while a Deed of Trust gives the rights to the trustee. Even though Deed of Trust seems to be the most efficient method because it allows for faster foreclosure time than a mortgage, it complicates the process because it has more parties involved (Haupt & Haupt, 2006). However, incorporating a trustee facilitates the foreclosure process because that is their area of specialization. They have the necessary man power to easily foreclose. Nevertheless, a Deed of Trust requires that proper notices be posted and rules followed, which makes it equally time-consuming (Bevans, 2009).Bottom of

Definition of slang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Definition of slang - Essay Example Slang is the continual and ever changing use and definition of words in informal conversation, often using references as a mean of comparisons or showing likeness. Some modern slang has endured over the decades since its inception and some will only last a few years before rendered obsolete or outdated.Faggot in modern American English, Canadian English and Australian English uses is a generally pejorative term for a gay man or for mean that are judged to be unmanly, weak or effeminate. Its uses have spread to varying extents elsewhere in the English-speaking world.The term faggot or faggit or fagot used for contempt for a person literally means, "bundle of sticks for burning", originated from French during 1300 AD. In medival England homosexual were supposedly burnt or the Bible is claimed to refer homosexuals stoking the fires of hell. This however is an urban myth. There is no such passage in bible and has never been a tradition in England of burning homosexuals at the stake. More over in the 1500 AD -1800 AD in Britain the word faggot has been used to contempt for a woman specially an old or dissipated women. It is also possible that the meaning derived from the use of the word as a derogatory term for street prostitutes, female and male because of their association with the gutter, where butchers threw "faggot- ends" of meat. The Yiddish word faygele, means "little bird".The word faggot is occasionally used in part of Britain to denote a silly or foolish person- some one who is "as stupid as a bundle of sticks". It has been used as a British slang in 1800 AD as "to copulate with a women" or "to womanized to consort with sexually loose women". In the pilot episode of 1960 British comedy "in loving memory" from Yorkshire television undertaker Jeremiah Unsworth is killed in an accident at work. After the funeral widow Ivy receives the condolences of her old friend Emi Jenkins who says he heard the call he answered it and he fell in the line of duty. No man can ask for a better epitaph than that. Ivy thanks her says goodbye and then turns to his nephew, Billy, as soon as the door is shut and says in reference to Amy "silly old faggot! He heard the call He answered it The only call your uncle Jeremiah ever heard was time, gentlemen please!" The term also used specially in Wales and the black county to refer to a kind of pork meatball covered in gravy. The word faggot have become understood as an Americanism in British English primarily due to its uses in films and television series imported from US. Faggot as a US slang use from early 1900 AD meaning for a male homosexuals usually considered as a strong derogatory remarks. It has been also used for "an unattractive young woman". The earliest known reference to the word in print was in 1940 Jackson and Hellyer "a vocabulary of criminal slang". Common use of faggot such as, "all the faggots (sissies) will be dressed in drag at the ball tonight". The word was also used by a character in Claude Mckays in 1928 novel "Home to Harlem", indicating that it was used during the Herlem Renaissance. Faggot has been historically used as a most offensive terms to address to an American man or adolescent boy. Even in recent year among many gay man use of the term is considered offensive or impolite. Originally confined to US the word in its homosexual senses has been spread by American popular culture to other English speaking countries. The observational comedian George Carlin once pointed out the distinction between faggot and queer. Queer means "homosexuals" where as faggot means "unmanly". The lyrics for 1985 song hit "money for nothing by Dire straits includes" the little faggot with the earring and makeup; yeh, buddy, that's his own hair; the little faggot got his own jet airplane; the little faggot is a millionaire". The repeated use of term mockingly and British usage meaning fool but the term nonetheless caused some controversy due to perception of US meaning.

Has the Digital Revolution Had a Positive or Negative Effect on Essay

Has the Digital Revolution Had a Positive or Negative Effect on Communication in Today's Society - Essay Example The ability of computers to replicate and generate digital and graphical information enabled the digital world to flourish. The computers and the internet is the soul to the business world and with most part of the population possessing a personal computer allowed the digital technology to penetrate into every aspect of human life. The social media has advanced beyond imagination and every field from educational to entertainment has evolved drastically. According to (Walker ,1999,pg.39-48)â€Å"All types of information can now be transformed into digital form, manipulated by computers and transmitted by common networks†. The telecommunication field, media and information technology field has seen unbelievable changes due to the digital revolution. Moreover, the advancement in communication field has enabled the world economies to prosper in a short span of time. In concise, the revolution in digital world with the application of unique technology, methods and hardware has posi tively changed the face of the world. Positive Effects of Digital Revolution The technological, social media and communication field has undergone profound change due to digital revolution. ... In the article (Nations,2011)writes thatâ€Å" social media is such a broad term, it covers a large range of websites. But the one common link between these websites is that you are able to interact with the website and interact with other visitors†. Along with social media, the education sector has also seen major change which promoted the learning quality of students worldwide. Nowadays most of the educational curriculum is online based as it allows multimedia application which enhances the quality and absorption of learning information. Internet has advanced the communication procedure of students as they are facilitated with an advantage of online education. With the emergence of online education, students are rarely confined to a specific physical space. Digital evolution has given opportunity to students to access educational information and participate in educational programs and courses from any part of the world in minimum time. Apart from students, educators are equa lly benefited from online education as it eases the learning procedure and its outcome. Even the entertainment source of people has changed enormously due to advancement in digital technology. Today, video games has emerged has a main source of leisure activity for both young and adults alike. The video game has taken over the entertainment world as it exemplifies the leisure activity of people with its inspiring graphical and virtual presentation. According to (Beaumont,2009) â€Å"The sales of video games in the four years between 2003 to 2007 increased 40 per cent in the US, while over that same period, sales of cinema tickets had fallen six per cent†. The next best entertainment source for people are social websites and chatting services

Author’s thesis Essay Example for Free

Author’s thesis Essay 1. Reviewer question: What is the author’s thesis? The author’s thesis revolves around the different ways wherein Carl can maximize his roles and capabilities in the profession he is associated with. Under this process, it requires an active communication of responsibilities and at the same time carefully understanding the planning and implementation process of his objective. This then helps strengthen his department and allows him to grow at the same time. 2. Reviewer question: Is the thesis clearly stated? If not, how would you help the writer restate it? Looking at the article, the thesis statement was not clearly stated within the introduction or beginning of the paper. Though the document was thorough in elaborating on ideas, the reader shall decipher relevant information in order for the main idea to be understood. If I was the writer, I would try to create one to two sentences wherein I will elaborate the central idea of my study and concern. Writer question: List the changes made based on this feedback. Also list those suggestions that were offered but that you did not make, and explain why you did not make the suggestions. Reviewer question: Does the essay’s body stick to the main topic? If not, where does it digress, and how could the writer revise the paper to make it stay more on the main topic? The essay main body does stick to the contention made by the author in the introduction. Though it lacks a clearly stated thesis statement, the succeeding paragraphs offer the readers a clear view of what are the (1) background, (2) prevalent problems, (3) what needs to be done and (4) recommendations for the issue. On the other hand, the writer must take a look at the transition and coherence of the paper. Sometimes there are different paragraphs that do not connect with the overall content and scope of the paper. Writer question: List the changes made based on this feedback. Also list those suggestions that were offered but that you did not make, and explain why you did not make the suggested changes. 4. Reviewer question: Does the paper contain any ambiguously-worded or confusing sentences? Please list them below and offer a suggested revision for each one you identify. The paper also contains several errors that need to be addressed. For example, the first sentence in the introduction seems confusing. The use of the word analysis was phrased incorrectly to address the idea. In here, the word analyze should be used instead. At the same time, under the key problems, the last sentence must also be looked into. The use of the word issues does not coincide with the succeeding phrase in the sentence. Either the word is changed to singular or plural form depending on the writer’s preference. Writer question: List the changes made based on this feedback. Also list those suggestions that were offered but that you did not make, and explain why you did not make the suggested changes. 5. Reviewer question: Which closing strategy did the writer use? Is the closing effective? Why or why not? Offer a revision suggestion for making the closing more effective. The strategy that the writer used revolves around providing a summary of what happened to the case of Carl. Analyzing this, it may prove to be effective on one point however this could have been changed to a more assumptive tone. This is because his case was already pointed out in the beginning and middle part of the paper. The readers already know what the consequences of his actions are and what it can provide to the company. One way to reinforce this study is by outlining in the closing further strategies Carl can do to maximize his potential and responsibilities. At the same time, it can also include new approaches and methods that can justify his position and further his role in addressing the current trends. Writer question: List the changes made based on this feedback. Also list those suggestions that were offered but that you did not make, and explain why you did not make the suggested changes? 6. Reviewer question: Please give the writer feedback regarding the essay’s effect on you. The essay was good in terms of providing information about the case and was able to outline the processes in a coherent manner. However, there needs to be changes in the way the thesis statement is presented, some grammatical considerations and the closing strategy. By trying to do these things, it can have further effect on readers because it can help them learn from the problems experienced by Carl and at the same time, understand the solutions and alternatives that are available in such conflict. Likewise, the use of simple words did help the reader further decipher the information and content and helped that ca cater to further comprehension of the topic. In the end, the writer should seek to address the proposed changes to help further the ideas surrounding the issue. Writer question: List the changes made based on this feedback. Also list those that were offered but that you did not make, and explain why you did not make the suggested changes.

Wendys Fast Food Chain: Marketing Analysis

Wendys Fast Food Chain: Marketing Analysis 1: Executive Summary Wendys appearance is to be the best quick service restaurant experience to be all of God. Being the best way to provide quality is uncertain, facilities, cleanliness and value, so that we make every buyer in each beam Restaurant Be the best director of our people in every community all over the world working power shine our customers separately from the restaurants; complete and lasting profitable growth by enhancing the brand and take advantage of the power system by Wendy novelty and skill. In an effort to meet our buyer automatically improve the gains we have Operation Be the extreme important for our people everywhere in the world community, respectively. Syndicate our buyers actively brightness Discreet our restaurants; and achieve sustainable development useful because the label and take advantage of the power of the system by Wendy revolution and knowledge. Try to restore. Our proceeds automatically our content consumers. Objective One of the descriptions of Wendy, which corresponds to the addition of fast food companies in general, the successful expression and solidify growth references. Want to be redirected inclusive to the growing market, and 45 percent of place to eat. Dropping the cost is another object have mouldy the number of employees in the context of its objective of universal fit. About Wendy Wendy irritates a fantastic mix of capacity and skilled advertising. It is often so realistic or so decent inform tested deletions from the community of Wendy familiarity. The foundation carefully along parts of the population (consumers, broadcasters, welfare specialists, etc.. ) Each entry is wisely recursively written petition to regrettable gaps available forget to make vital events and over again in one from time to time very uncertain style. However, it is conceivable that reading between the forms or simply genius in the irrationality of what is still, and the state of society as a wise man appearance. Purpose Wendy entireness goal is to get the approval of the customers have faith in their diversity and the need for secrecy is no exception. They are loyal to the defences and protection of privacy on the Internet shopper. First it was about the money fast enough respectable diet hygienic notice a small load evenly (ie white fortress). Now the value assistance under salty foods with salt and fat real essences for them to change their money very critically low. Scope For smart shared their transactions incomparable superiority of the element to drink. Come with an atmosphere worthy of praise in the present and in connection with the regulars as a fun way. 2. INTRODUCTION Wendy’s fast food restaurant one of the most important franchises in the United States and aboard. His list of top game elements into account options: burgers, cheeseburger and fries, hamburger, Beverage includes frosty. Are so well known for one of its current dessert: apple pie and breakfast sandwich: egg muffin. Wendy had Almost 6650 restaurant in different country following by Mcdonalds 31000 and Burger king had 1200 restaurant in different countries. Over 75 % of international restaurants Wendy remain active and independent owners. Wendy has several policies appropriate accountability and social accounts in place for its exclusively maintained and franchised businesses. These policies contain placing the customer experience the essence of what they do, committing his workforce by promoting their talents and successes satisfaction, maintaining high ethical standards in relation to the conduct of business, and generous again to public in which they are well known. All these values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹are permeated through all levels of the company; Wendy keeps blooming as a successful chain of fast food restaurants. Risk management is authoritative for Wendy. They have a risk assessment tool that they use to control the country risk, which applies to the country / region is defined; industry risk: refers to supplies produced; and risk capacity, that is a grouping of both countries and for risk. These factors are part of the risk calculation tool that is used in each of its businesses to help in risk management. Wendy Field Safety contains your security cameras on site organizations to constantly monitor all actions worldwide and restaurants to confirm the safety of employees, as well as customs. Wendy use these security cameras also with respect to wage claims or privileges advantage denounces the consumer responsibility. Wendy also shows their software systems with ACS system controlling factors of high technology of their work. With willpower to improve your business protected Dick and Mac commercial for three months and reopened in December 1948 as a coffee shop drive-in self -service, serving only nine items: hamburger, cheeseburger, French fries potatoes, milk, chocolate, and cake slices. Wendy is an international fast food restaurant founded by Dave Thomas on November 15,1969 in Columbus,Ohio,United States .the company decided to move its main head department to Dublin ,Ohio on January 29,2006.In march the Wendy was the third largest hamburger in the world Main body Financial statement of Wendy 3.1. Market Share Insurance will share advertising base for work, unmatched difference between confidence every few selected individually is not the right fit for the area where the work is located, but also groups that apart from the additional parallel operations in the vicinity. In the calculation of this justification, and conspiracy policy development and positioning along with a full advertising plan policy, transport and sale of concrete actions, counting costs for publishing and updating the companys new 3.2. Assessment of the marketing strategy The first coffee shop opened by Wendy Firm was in San Bernardino, California in 1948. Currently, Wendy is the cousin of every creature of God and the major food service company with more than $ 40000000000 communications 30, completed 000 channels from all over the world. However, this company does not grow fast because wealth. Wendy has become the now paid to forced labour and current marketing plans. One of the highest achievements of the company was the original Happy Meal. In the year 1970, Wendy Firm was sharp with new ways to catch. The value of transactions Study showed that the minutes were key influencers in the results of the company and the production process. This regulates Happy Meal first creation, a grouping of sufficient food for the young, as well as a free toy Wendy apartment smack dab in adolescents locations worldwide. Marketing strategy 5P s Product Product consisting of how the company wants to produce productions policies that increase the skill. Each purchaser The product is the physical product and service area by the company for the sponsor. Wendy consist of specific parts of its revision and products like the package, appearance and attractiveness. This takes into account the non palpable and tangible structures of the service station and the product. Wendy has deliberately kept its depth limits and yield measurement. Wendy was the behavior of Indian customers on the condition studied and completely different menus that combine the menus available on the world market. The company removes beef, mutton and pork burgers from their list of options. India is only country offering Wendy vegie list of options. Place L apartment for the most part embraces pulling the power cord and the Strait of society. It s very necessary because the package or artefacts manageable for buyers at the right time in the right place and at the right level should be. In the United States, only about 50 % of the channels are starting Wendy additional three minutes each. There are precise level of joy and pleasure that Wendy suggestions for its trade. Provides diagnostic situation on the basis of the majority of consumers. Price Pricing policy is one of the most important features of registration and promotion on. This includes the cost analysis, when a decline in services or cost . Companies should also discuss the likely reactions of the opposition when it comes to estimating. Pricing policy has been established demand for middle and low class of specific types and the result can of course be obtained from the copper base, Wendy currently has. The restaurant Wendy has to be estimated, as well as bundling policies, such as flour combo, happy meal, family meals and happy price menu of demand for whole sale deal and artefacts to recover. Particular value Promotion The device authorization AIDS events from the bonds laudable undertaking with potential consumers. For criticized for the closure of these differentials in a vast number of customers at a time. For attention of the public to act to increase the TV advertising, billboards and posters that were also used by an industry pioneer with Apple company an important role for manufactured goods People Wendy recognizes the importance of individual customers and employees. She understands the reality that staff happy and joyful headed straight consumer may serve. Wendy cafe Interior Presentation always does when this system becomes effective will be the main mechanically to the achievement of sales peripheral. 0.3. Change of target Wendy purposes to go with a nice, fun for everyone to enjoy. We are on the hunt for the provision of a wide range of people, from families who love our Happy Meal, does that take breakfast on-the -go or taking pleasure in our coffee just now mass and free Wi-Fi . After that cost more parties, Wendy’s clear goal for the store of Urban and sub à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹- urban areas of India. People customized product are educated and they need variety in their food. In general, companies in rural areas do not do fast food business. On the other hand, in urban areas, people yield fast food. The profits of the companies in urban areas is usually from top to bottom and you will not have to pay for the purchase of these goods, which is a bit higher in price as food-related bills native occurs in the store. People in urban areas are more aware of the superiority of the rural society. Area Municipal lived in society from all walks of life and age group turnover is easier than in country areas. The concentration of the population is higher in urban areas compared to rural areas, so the data from repeat customers are more in metropolitan areas. 3.4. Review of the competitive market Wendy companies competitive in a challenging market sector for as long as they need to produce enough to repeat. In this section, participants often useless without adequate regulations. Setting Wendy takes an economic approach to active status following challengers such additional restaurants typing fast diet. Wendy plays on many bases as: Cost Speed Nutrition Their hard import is to create satisfied customers Wendy has a big fast food restaurant in Vile Parley been. But the replacement of missing orifice other participants eats his share of the store. In the run up to the out-of date rivals KFC, Domino’s Pizza Hut, the company has run into new challenges Jumbo King shares through a method of back-to basics with a quick up burgers for the copper printed in time. At the top, the KFC is powerful competitor in the field of fast service to develop wonderful customers away from Wendy Perhaps in the new atmosphere, fast, convenient package is not enough to decide the extended enterprise. In this phase, new serious influences successfully to develop that generate a rich enough ability for consumers. This brings us to the service and expertise based combat system that Wendy can use it for economic improvement against the king jumbo. Taking into account the demographics of the area, Wendy has Wi Fi channel to meet the student. E for food, nice people and â€Å"overall experience that customers pay a premium over other competitors. SWOT Analysis 4. Make your proposed budget for the expenses to be incurred in the  Completion of the report (for gathering of data) Budgeting A scheduled task that he wanted to have multi million dollar IT companies comply with approximately 30,000 restaurants Wendy from one place to another in the world, has sparred with the new crew expensive undertaking a cost-saving move . The company is fast diet void the analyst to the systems, which was proposed to renew in 1999, but it still was not organized at all restaurants, said Professor Lisa Howard. Tens of millions of dollars will be held by stopping the treatment, because the company is working to reduce temporarily spending this year, he said. The change comes after the cable civilians injured first-quarter loss and after a series of organizational changes that wearing a new chief executive supervisor, president and chief operating larger. The regime revolution was cut because it was not going to the welfare of the transport in the short term, as the company tries to increase his website statement said Howard . Our team novel organization meets the small end, he added. Its just one example, a stage by our team of new organization. If the whole thing and look at all aspects of our business. The regime was seen as a revolution to take a long period of creative business efficiency all of the companys 30,000 restaurants in 121 countries of the world from one place to another. But the strategy is now seen as too expensive compared to normal performance. In October, Wendy would be advertised activities in four countries and stores the consent of the other three countries to streamline, while the conclusion in the absence of approximately 175 restaurants in 10 countries . 5.  Methodology 5.1 Explain how did you access the information, despite of its security and  Confidentiality (include this part in your methodology) Safety Information security means measurable defensive organizations and informal input materials, use, discovery, destruction, modification, inspection, examination, copying, or damage. The material terms of information security, computer security and collateral are typically used interchangeably. These Arenas are often interconnected and share goalmouths common defense policy, honesty and information management ; However, there are some subtle differences in the middle of it. These transformations are mainly in the line of the subject, the organization uses and the attention span . The information security concerns the confidentiality, integrity and accessibility of data yet on the shape of the data may include: electrical, design, or other shapes. Cans Computer Security effort accessibility and proper functioning of a computer to ensure no concern for the system information stored or processed by the computer. The information provided on the declaration. The reasons for this statement that the information is safe, and so to think about . 5.2 Confidentiality Confidentiality is the term that is used to ensure that the exposure of information to foreigners or illegal systems. For example, a transaction with a credit card on the Internet, credit card numbers of consumers are distributed to the trade and commerce of surgery to determine the network. Efforts to enforce the system by encrypting the card number of all communications, checking out the sights seem to be the force ( in databases, log files, backups, printed receipts, etc. ), privacy and limiting access to the houses where you put it away. As an unofficial holiday get the amount of paper in a different way, it is an interruption of privacy happened. Privacy is essential ( but not sufficient) Google Translate for Business : Translator Toolkit Global Market Finder Website Translator Turn off instant translation Privacy Help Google Translate Mobile Send feedback 5.3 Identify your sources of information and explain the accuracy, relevancy and reliability of your information from your desired information. (Include this in your methodology) Tabulation of data Tabulation is the systematic planning of mathematical figures in brackets or lines. He organized and logical presentation of the numbers in numerical form-awaited challenge under explicit assumption. Tabula Posterization helps set the lodgement of algebraic data. Tabulation marks the crumpled inspection and explanation. Therefore, a suitable method must clearly wisely taking notes the probability and components of the study, because it is very important part of the geometric mean. Conclusion We studied the association and the work environment in restaurants Wendys colleague, work and attendance of staff in the various kingdoms. The complete study of the courts of New Zealand and further suggestions from other European countries, remember that almost the same type of restaurant and feast order in use in all countries.

The Truth about the Electoral College :: essays research papers

Since the foundation of America, the Electoral College has been the means of deciding the next president of the United States. Until the recent fiasco in the 2000 Florida presidential election, most people accepted the Electoral College as a fair way to decide a future president. In truth, the Electoral College has always been imbalanced and unfair. It was originally designed in Article II of the Constitution, so that each state receives an elector for every senator (two per state) and representative (number based on population). The way in which Electors were chosen was left up to the individual states. Each elector would vote for two candidates, and whoever received a simple majority (one half plus one votes) would become the next president. Whoever received the second most votes became vice president (Kimberling). After the Election of 1800, the Fourth Amendment introduced the idea of a vice president and president ticket. In addition, the amendment said that if a candidate did n ot receive an absolute majority in the Electoral College then the House of Representatives decided the next president. Presently all states choose their electors via statewide popular vote, and one presidential candidate receives all the electoral votes from each state (Kimberling). Upon close examination, it is easy to see the numerous flaws in the Electoral College. First, the most popular candidate does not necessarily win the presidency. Second, as it stands the Electoral College diminish voter turnout. Third, â€Å"faithless electors,† of which this country has had many, could decide an election. Lastly, the House of Representatives and, even an extreme case, the vice president can decide the president.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The most obvious problem with the Electoral College is that a president can receive the majority of the votes and lose. In a true election the most popular candidate always wins. However, in America a candidate simply needs a one-vote majority in enough states to receive 270 electoral votes. Several times in the past, most notably in the Election of 1888 between Benjamin Harrison and Grover Cleveland, the minority candidate has won the Electoral College and therefore the election. A democracy is â€Å"a majority rule† (Dictionary.com). If a minority candidate can win an election, America is not a true democracy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Electoral College does not take into account voter turnout when assigning electors, thereby diminishing voter turnout and not giving each man one vote. Electors are assigned to states as the number representatives and senators change.

Essay --

The Compson family has three sons; Benjamin (Benjy), Quentin, and Jason, along with a daughter, Candace (Caddy). Benjy is the youngest son of the family and is mentally disabled, Quentin is the oldest son of the family and is the only child of the family who is trying to find some meaning of life, and Jason is the son who can care less about love and family. Caddy on the other hand, is the most important character in the novel, whose views are shown less, and others views on her are shown alot more, being a big part of the novel. Their parents Mr. and Mrs. Compson do not show much love for their children. The only child Mrs. Compson shows some love for is Jason, who perhaps doesn’t care about her love and is actually the worst of the children. William Faulkner dedicates the first three sections of the novel to the three sons of the Compson family, and saves the last one for himself. Even though Caddy is the most important character in the novel, Faulkner does not have a whol e section on her, instead every section reflects on her life. Benjy is a speechless â€Å"idiot†, who can’t really do anything to get things straight, yet he can sense when something good or bad is happening. When anything bad happens, all Benjy does is moan and cry. Benjy remembers all the bad things that happened to him. Benjy wanted his mother to love him and always be there for him, yet she didn’t care much about him and never really loved him, which is why at a young age, Caddy took care of Benjy. Benjy loved Caddy very much and saw her as the only pure, loveable person. When Caddy loss her virginity, it really bothered Benjy and all he could do was mourn and cry. Earlier in the novel, when Caddy was a young girl and had a muddy underwear, it foreshadowed ... ...use he was planning on committing suicide. Quentin just wanted Caddy to be protected and for her to stay away from other men. Like Benjy, Quentin never had his mother’s love. This is why they both see Caddy as a mother figure. Quentin wanted his mother to always be with him, yet she was never there for him. Quentin said in the novel, on page 172; â€Å"If I’d just had a mother so I could say mother, mother†. Quentin really wished he had his mother’s love. Mrs. Compson didn’t care much about her other children as much as she did for her son Jason. Mrs. Compson only showed her love for Jason, even though Jason is perhaps the worst of the children. Mrs. Compson only trusted Jason out of all four of her children. Jason took advantage of his mother and stole large amounts of money from his mother. Jason doesn’t really care about anyone, but himself. Jason hates all women

Data Mining and Data Warehouse Essay

ABSTRACT Data mining, the extraction of hidden predictive information from large databases, is a powerful new technology with great potential to help companies focus on the most important information in their data ware houses. Data mining tools predict future trends and behaviors, allowing businesses to make proactive, knowledge- driven decisions systems. Data warehouse is a computer system designed to give business decision-makers instant access to information. The warehouse copies its data from existing systems like order entry, general ledger, and human resources and stores it for use by executives rather than programmers. Data warehouse users use special software that enables them to create and access information when they need it, as opposed to a reporting schedule defined by the information systems (IS) department. This paper describes the meaning of data warehouse and data mining basic architecture of data warehousing and data mining, functions and working of data mining. It also prese nts data mining from data warehouse INTRODUCTION: Modern organizations are under enormous pressure with recent development of the technology. Clearly we need a rapid access to all kinds of information. To assist this we need to consider the past and to identify relevant trend analysis. So to perform any trend analysis we must have a database. In most organizations you will find really large databases in operation for normal daily transactions. These types of databases are known as operational databases; in most cases they have not been design to store historical data or to respond to queries but simply to support all the applications for day to day transactions. The second type of database found in organizations is the data warehouse. This is designed for strategic decision support and is largely built up from the databases that make up the operational database. The basic characteristic of a data warehouse is that it contains vast amount of data which can mean billions of records. Smaller, local data warehouse are called data marts. A data warehouse is designed especially for decision support queries; therefore only data that is needed for decision support is extracted from the operational data and stored in the data warehouse along with the time when it was retrieved from operational databases. DEFINITION DATA WAREHOUSING A data warehouse is a subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant and non-volatile collection of data in support of management’s decision making process. Subject-Oriented: A data warehouse can be used to analyze a particular subject area. For example, â€Å"sales† can be a particular subject. Integrated: A data warehouse integrates data from multiple data sources. For example, source A and source B may have different ways of identifying a product, but in a data warehouse, there will be only a single way of identifying a product. Time-Variant: Historical data is kept in a data warehouse. For example, one can retrieve data from 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, or even older data from a data warehouse. This contrasts with a transactions system, where often only the most recent data is kept. For example, a transaction system may hold the most recent address of a customer, where a data warehouse can hold all addresses associated with a customer. Non-volatile: Once data is in the data warehouse, it will not change. So, historical data in a data warehouse should never be altered. The following are the typical steps involved in the data warehousing project cycle. * Requirement Gathering * Physical Environment Setup * Data Modeling * ETL * OLAP Cube Design * Front End Development * Report Development * Performance Tuning * Query Optimization * Quality Assurance * Rolling out to Production * Production Maintenance * Incremental Enhancements Benefits of a data warehouse A data warehouse maintains a copy of information from the source transaction systems. This architectural complexity provides the opportunity to: * Maintain data history, even if the source transaction systems do not. * Integrate data from multiple source systems, enabling a central view across the enterprise. This benefit is always valuable, but particularly so when the organization has grown by merger. * Improve data quality, by providing consistent codes and descriptions, flagging or even fixing bad data. * Present the organization’s information consistently. * Provide a single common data model for all data of interest regardless of the data’s source. * Restructure the data so that it makes sense to the business users. * Restructure the data so that it delivers excellent query performance, even for complex analytic queries, without impacting the operational systems. * Add value to operational business applications, notably customer relationship management (CRM) systems. Data Mining (DM) Data mining, also known as â€Å"knowledge discovery,† refers to computer-assisted tools and techniques for sifting through and analyzing these vast data stores in order to find trends, patterns, and correlations that can guide decision making and increase understanding. Data mining covers a wide variety of uses, from analyzing customer purchases to discovering galaxies.In essence, data mining is the equivalent of finding gold nuggets in a mountain of data. The monumental task of finding hidden gold depends heavily upon the power of computers The purpose of DM is to analyze and understand past trends and predict future trends. By predicting future trends, business organizations can better position their products and services for financial gain. Nonprofit organizations have also achieved significant benefits from data mining, such as in the area of scientific progress. The concept of data mining is simple yet powerful. The simplicity of the concept is deceiving, however. Traditional methods of analyzing data, involving query-and-report approaches, cannot handle tasks of such magnitude and complexity. Data mining consists of five major elements: * Extract, transform, and load transaction data onto the data warehouse system. * Store and manage the data in a multidimensional database system. * Provide data access to business analysts and information technology professionals. * Analyze the data by application software. * Present the data in a useful format, such as a graph or table. Data mining services can be used for the following functions: * Research and surveys: Data mining can be used for product research, surveys, market research and analysis. Information can be gathered that is quite useful in driving new marketing campaigns and promotions. * Information collection: Through the web scraping process it is possible to collect information regarding investors, investments and funds by scraping through related websites and databases. * Customer opinions: Customer views and suggestions play an important role in the way a company operates. The information can be readily be found on forums, blogs and other resources where customers freely provide their views. * Data scanning: Data collected and stored will be not be important unless scanned. Scanning is important to identify patterns and similarities contained in the data. * Extraction of information: This is the processing of identifying the useful patterns in data that can be used in decision making process. This is so because decision making must be based on sound information and facts. * Pre-processing of data: Usually the data collected is stored in the data warehouse. This data needs to be pre-processed.by pre-processing it means some data that may be deemed unimportant may therefore re removed manually be data mining experts. * Web data: Web data usually poses many challenges in mining. This is so because of its nature. For instance, web data can be deemed as dynamic meaning it keeps changing from time to time. Therefore it means the process of data mining should be repeated in regular intervals. * Competitor analysis: There is a need to understand how your competitors are fairing on in the business market. You need to know both their weaknesses and strengths. Their methods of marketing and distribution can be mined. How they reduce their overall costs is also quite important. * Online research: The internet is highly regarded for its huge information. It is evident that it is the largest source of information. It is possible to gather a lot of information regarding different companies, customers and your business clients. It is possible to detect frauds through online means. * News: Nowadays with almost all major newspapers and news sources posting their news online it is possible to gather information regarding trends and other critical areas. In this way, it is possible to be in the better position of competing in the market. * Updating data: This is quite important. Data collected will be useless unless it is updated. This is to ensure that the information is relevant so as to make decisions from it. How does data mining work? While large-scale information technology has been evolving separate transaction and analytical systems, data mining provides the link between the two. Data mining software analyzes relationships and patterns in stored transaction data based on open-ended user queries. Several types of analytical software are available: statistical, machine learning, and neural networks. Generally, any of four types of relationships are sought: * Classes: Stored data is used to locate data in predetermined groups. For example, a restaurant chain could mine customer purchase data to determine when customers visit and what they typically order. This information could be used to increase traffic by having daily specials. * Clusters: Data items are grouped according to logical relationships or consumerpreferences. For example, data can be mined to identify market segments or consumer affinities. * Associations: Data can be mined to identify associations. The beer-diaper example is an example of associative mining. * Sequential patterns: Data is mined to anticipate behavior patterns and trends. For example, an outdoor equipment retailer could predict the likelihood of a backpack being purchased based on a consumer’s purchase of sleeping bags and hiking shoes. Industries/fields where data mining is currently applied are as follows: 1. Data Mining in the Banking Sector Worldwide, banking sector is ahead of many other industries in using mining techniques for their vast customer database. Although banks have employed statistical analysis tools with some success for several years, previously unseen patterns of customer behavior are now coming into clear focus with the aid of new data mining tools. These statistical tools and even the OLAP find out the answers, but more advanced data mining tools provide insight to the answer. Some of the applications of data mining in this industry are; (i)Predict customer reaction to the change of interest rates (ii)Identify customers who will be most receptive to new product offers (iii)Identify â€Å"loyal† customers (iv) Pin point which clients are at the highest risk for defaulting on a loan (v)Find out persons or groups who will opt for each type of loan in the following year (vi)Detect fraudulent activities in credit card transactions (vii)Predict clients who are likely to change their credit card affiliation in the next quarter (viii)Determine customer preference of the different modes of transaction namely through teller or through credit cards, etc. 2. Data Mining in the Insurance Sector Insurance companies can benefit from modern data mining methodologies, which help companies to reduce costs, increase profits, retain current customers, acquire new customers, and develop new products .This can be done through: (1)Evaluating the risk of the assets being insured taking into account the characteristics of the asset as well as the owner of the asset. (2)Formulating Statistical Modeling of Insurance Risks (3)Using the Joint Poisson/Log-Normal Model of mining to optimize insurance policies (4)And finally finding the actuarial Credibility of the risk groups among insurers 3. Data Mining in Telecommunication As on this date, every activity in telecommunication has used data mining technique. (1)Analysis of telecom service purchases (2)Prediction of telephone calling patterns (3)Management of resources and network traffic (4)Automation of network management and maintenance using artificial intelligence to diagnose and repair network transmission problems, etc 4. Data Mining in Fraud Detection Data dredging has found wide and useful application in various fraud detection processes like (1)Credit card fraud detection using a combined parallel approach (2)Fraud detection in the voters list using neural networks in combination with symbolic and analog data mining. (3)Fraud detection in passport applications by designing a specific online learning diagnostic system. (4)Rule and analog based detection of false medical claims and so on. An Architecture for Data Mining To best apply these advanced techniques, they must be fully integrated with a data warehouse as well as flexible interactive business analysis tools. Many data mining tools currently operate outside of the warehouse, requiring extra steps for extracting, importing, and analyzing the data. Furthermore, when new insights require operational implementation, integration with the warehouse simplifies the application of results from data mining. The resulting analytic data warehouse can be applied to improve business processes throughout the organization, in areas such as promotional campaign management, fraud detection, new product rollout, and so on. Figure 1 illustrates an architecture for advanced analysis in a large data warehouse. Figure 2 – Integrated Data Mining Architecture FROM DATA WAREHOUSE TO DATA MINING DM is a set of methods for data analysis, created with the aim to find out specific dependence, relations and rules related to data and making them out in the new, higher-level quality information. As distinguished from the data warehouse, which has unique data approach, DM gives results that show relations and interdependence of data. Mentioned dependences are mostly based on various mathematical and statistic relations . Figure 3: Process of knowledge data discovery EMERGING TRENDS IN DATA MINING Web mining – is the application of data mining techniques to discover patterns from the Web. According to analysis targets, web mining can be divided into three different types, which are Web usage mining, Web content mining and Web structure mining. | Web usage mining Web usage mining is the process of extracting useful information from server logs i.e. users history. Web usage mining is the process of finding out what users are looking for on Internet. Some users might be looking at only textual data, whereas some others might be interested in multimedia data. Web structure mining Web structure mining is the process of using graph theory to analyze the node and connection structure of a web site. According to the type of web structural data, web structure mining can be divided into two kinds: 1. Extracting patterns from hyperlinks in the web: a hyperlink is a structural component that connects the web page to a different location. 2. Mining the document structure: analysis of the tree-like structure of page structures to describe HTML or XML tag usage. Web content mining Web content mining is the mining, extraction and integration of useful data, information and knowledge from Web page contents. Data Stream Mining is the process of extracting knowledge structures from continuous, rapid data records. A data stream is an ordered sequence of instances that in many applications of data stream mining can be read only once or a small number of times using limited computing and storage capabilities. Examples of data streams include computer network traffic, phone conversations, ATM transactions, web searches, and sensor data.